基于BP神经网络的电力无人机抗干扰屏蔽罩优化设计

Optimization Design of Anti-interference Shield of ElectricUtility UAVs Based on BP Neural Network

无人机(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle,UAV)在执行带电作业任务时需靠近输电线路,会受到导线发出的无线电干扰而影响其正常工作,为保证无人机安全有效地完成带电作业任务,需对其采取屏蔽措施。结合模拟电荷法和无电线干扰频谱特性计算公式算得输电导线附近的无线电干扰场强,通过矩量法仿真计算发现了未采取屏蔽措施时无人机内部场强超过其抗扰度阈值;建立了无人机抗干扰屏蔽罩的三维仿真模型并确定了屏蔽罩的优化参量,基于正交试验得到了不同孔缝结构下无人机施加屏蔽罩后其内部场强的样本数据;通过BP神经网络得到了屏蔽罩最优设计方案并通过仿真验证其屏蔽效果。结果表明,当屏蔽罩的材质为铝、开孔形状为方形、孔缝边缘距离为17 mm、孔缝间距为12 mm、开孔数量为140时,屏蔽效果最佳,在不同方向、不同频率下均满足无人机抗扰度要求,且屏蔽后不影响无人机正常通信。

A Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)needs to be close to the power transmission line when performing live working tasks,and its normal operation may be affected due to the radio interference from the wire.In order to ensure the safety and effectiveness of live working tasks of UAVs,shielding measures are necessary to be taken.The radio interference field strength near the transmission line is calculated by combining the simulated charge method and the calculation formula for radio interference spectrum characteristics.It is found,through the moment method simulation calculation,that the internal field strength of the UAV exceeds its immunity threshold when no shielding measures are taken.Then,the 3D simulation model of the UAV anti-interference shield is established and the optimization parameters of the shield are determined.Based on the orthogonal test,the sample data of the internal field strength of the UAV after applying the shield under different aperture structures are obtained.Finally,the optimal design scheme of shielding cover is obtained through BP neural network and its shielding effect is verified through simulation.The results show that the shielding effect is the best when the shielding cover is made of aluminum,the opening shape is square,the gap edge distance is 17 mm,the gap spacing is 12 mm,and the number of openings is 140.The shielding effect meets the requirements of UAV immunity in different directions and frequencies,and the normal communication of UAV is not affected after shielding.