清代宝卷与善书之比较

A Comparative Study of Baojuan and Shanshu in the Qing Dynasty

在探讨宝卷与善书之间的关系时,学界倾向于从源流的视角探讨二者之间的内在联系,但事实上,不管是源流、编撰者的身份、受众对象、叙述方式,还是清人对二者所持的态度,它们之间都有相当大的差别。不过,如果从社会功能的角度审视,不难发现,不论是宝卷还是善书都追求劝善,劝善成为二者不约而同的目标。另外,在清代及其以前,被“污名化”的宝卷的地位远不如善书。但是,当清代的社会情境不复存在,在摆脱传统的政治束缚的前提下,从社会功能的角度强调宝卷与善书之间的联系,有利于客观公允地看待宝卷在清代民间社会所发挥的积极作用。

When discussing the relationship between Baojuan and Shanshu,the academic circle tends to discuss the inner relation between them from the perspective of source and flow.But in fact,they are quite different from each other,no matter from the source,the identity of the editor,the target reader,the way of narration or from the attitude of the people in the Qing Dynasty.However,examined from the perspective of social function,it is not difficult to find that both Baojuan and Shanshu seek to exhort people to practice virtue.In another word,as far as the social function is concerned,they have the same goal.In addition,in the Qing Dynasty and before,Baojuan was far less influential than Shanshu for being stigmatized.However,after the Qing Dynasty,when the traditional political constraints were overcome,it is beneficial to view the positive role of Baojuan objectively and fairly by emphasizing the connection between Baojuan and Shanshu.