量子存储性能及应用分析

Performance and application analysis of quantum memory

在量子网络体系中,光是信息的最好载体.通过探讨光与物质的相互作用,可以进一步发展量子存储技术.这种技术能同步接收和按需获取光量子信息,是建立大规模量子计算和远距离量子通信的基础.但是,量子存储的性能直接影响了其实际应用价值和量子信息技术的进步.在过去的二十多年里,多种物理体系和量子信息协议中的量子存储已经得到了深入的研究,其存储性能也得到了显著的提升,而且其相关的应用也有了广泛的展示.本文系统梳理了最近十年来关于量子存储的所有性能指标的研究进展,并根据冷原子体系和固态掺杂离子晶体系的特性,详细探讨了存储效率、存储寿命、存储保真度和模式容量等方面的发展情况.同时,对近期量子存储在量子纠缠、存储辅助增强的多光子过程以及不同粒子量子干涉等方面的典型应用进行了介绍.最后,对量子存储的未来发展进行了展望和总结.

Light is the best carrier of information in quantum network.By exploring the interaction of light with matter,quantum memory technology can be further developed.Quantum memory can simultaneously receive and obtain optical quantum information on demand,which is the basis for establishing large-scale quantum computing and long-distance quantum communication.However,the performance of quantum memory directly affects its practical application process and the progress of quantum information technology.In the past two decades,quantum memory in various physical systems and quantum information protocols has been intensively studied,its performance has been significantly improved,and its relevant applications have been widely demonstrated.In this paper,we firstly sort the research progress of quantum memory metrics in the past ten years,and discuss the development of efficiency,lifetime,fidelity and mode capacity in detail according to the characteristics of cold atom systems and solid-state doped ion crystal systems.Secondly,the recent typical applications of quantum memory in quantum entanglement,memory-enhanced multi-photon processes,and quantum interference of different particles are introduced.Finally,the future development of quantum storage is prospected and summarized.