六点始叶螨在不同橡胶树品系上的种群适合度

Population Fitness of Eotetranychus sexmaculatus on Different Rubber Tree Strains

为明确六点始叶螨在我国植胶区不同主栽橡胶树品系上的种群适合度,室内采用生物学方法观察六点始叶螨在热研73397、热研72059、热垦628、大丰95、PR107和RRIM600六个橡胶品系上的发育和繁殖情况,并组建实验种群生命表。结果表明,橡胶树品系对六点始叶螨的发育和繁殖存在显著影响。六点始叶螨的世代历期在RRIM600品系上最短,为10.93 d;在热垦628上最长,为12.82 d;幼期存活率在大丰95品系上最低,仅为65.00%,其他品系之间差异不显著;单雌产卵量在RRIM600上最大,为18.38粒/雌,PR107品系最不利于成螨的存活和繁殖,且寿命和产卵期也均最短;后代雌性比在不同橡胶树品系之间差异显著,在大丰95品系上雌性百分比最高,为78.67%。通过组建种群生命表进行参数分析,六点始叶螨的内禀增长率和周限增长率在RRIM600上最大,在热研73397上最小,其次为热研72059、热垦628和PR107,三者间内禀增长率参数值差异不显著;种群倍增所需时间在RRIM600上最短,在热研73397上最长,其次为热研72059、热垦628和PR107;净增殖率在PR107上最小。综合分析得出,六点始叶螨种群在RRIM600品系上有较高的适合度,在PR107上的适合度较低。

To clarify the adaptability of Eotetranychus sexmaculatus in different main rubber strains in rubber planting areas in China,the development and reproduction of E.sexmaculatus in six rubber strains,Reyan 73397,Reyan 72059,Reken 628,Dafeng 95,PR107 and RRIM600,were observed by biological methods,and the experimental population life table was established.The results showed that different rubber strains had significant effects on the development and reproduction of E.sexmaculatus.The whole generation duration of E.sexmaculatus was the shortest in RRIM600 strain and the longest in Reken 628,which was 10.93 d and 12.82 d,respectively,followed by Reyan 73397,Reyan 72059 and PR107,with no significant difference.The juvenile survival rate of Dafeng 95 strain was the lowest,only 65.00%,and there was no significant difference among other strains.The large number of fecundity per female was the largest when feeding on RRIM600,which were 18.38 eggs.PR107 strain was the most unfavorable to the survival and reproduction of adult mites,and its life span and spawning period were also the shortest.There was significant difference in the sex ratio of F1 generation of E.sexmaculatus on different rubber strains and the female rate of Dafeng 95 was the highest,which was 78.67%.Through the establishment of population life table for parameter analysis,the intrinsic rate of in-crease and finite rate of increase of E.sexmaculatus were the largest in RRIM600,and the lowest in Reyan 73397,fol-lowed by Reyan 72059,Reken 628 and PR107,which was no significant difference among the Reyan 72059,Reken 628 and PR107.The double population time was the shortest in RRIM600,while was the longest in Reyan 73397,followed by Reyan 72059,Reken 628 and PR107.In a comprehensive view,it showed that E.sexmaculatus had a high fitness when feeding on RRIM600 and a low fitness on PR107.