硫化纳米零价铁去除重(类)金属研究进展

The Advance of the Removal of Metal(Loid)s by Sulfidated Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron

重(类)金属作为一类毒性高、难生物降解的优先污染物,对生态系统及人体健康具有极大威胁,因此必须采取有效技术对其进行处理。硫化纳米零价铁(S-nZVI)因易分散、反应活性强、电子选择性高等优势,被广泛应用于水中多种污染物的去除。本文系统地综述了S-nZVI在重(类)金属去除中的研究进展,包括S-nZVI对不同重(类)金属的去除机制,S/Fe摩尔比、合成方式、硫化剂种类及不同反应条件(初始pH、溶解氧、共存物质)对重(类)金属去除效能的影响,S-nZVI对其它环境介质(土壤、污泥)及形态(络合态)重金属的作用效能,最后对未来研究方向进行展望,以期为S-nZVI对重(类)金属修复提供理论及技术指导。

Metal(loid)s are one of the priority pollutants with high toxicity and non-biodegradability,which pose a great threat to the ecosystem and human health.Therefore,some effective technologies must be taken to remediate metal(loid)s.Sulfidated nanoscale zero-valent iron(S-nZVI)has been widely used to remove a variety of contaminants due to its easy dispersion,high reactivity,and electron selectivity.In this paper,the advance of the removal of metal(loid)s by S-nZVI was systematically reviewed,including the removal mechanisms of different metal(loid)s by S-nZVI,the influence of S/Fe molar ratio,synthesis methods,sulfidation reagents,and different reaction conditions(including initial solution pH,dissolved oxygen,and co-existing substances)on the performance of S-nZVI towards metal(loid)s removal,and the removal performance of metal(loid)s by SnZVI in other environmental media(such as soil and sludge)and form(such as chelated metal(loid)s).The research trend related to S-nZVI in the future is also proposed.This study can provide theoretical and technical guidance for the remediation of metal(loid)s by S-nZVI.