2016年—2022年福州市食源性疾病主动监测流行病学特征及病原学结果分析

Epidemiological characteristics and pathogenic analysis of active food borne disease surveillance in Fuzhou City,2016-2022

目的分析福州市食源性疾病主动监测结果,了解食源性疾病流行特征和病原体检测情况,为食源性疾病防控提供参考依据。方法收集分析2016年—2022年福州市4家食源性疾病主动监测哨点医院就诊的食源性疾病病例信息和病原体检测结果,进行统计分析。结果收集福州市食源性疾病病例2730例,夏季高发,人群以≤6岁组的散居儿童为主,暴露食物类别主要为粮食及其制品,场所主要来自零售及农贸市场,加工方式多为家庭自制。检出病原体1005份,沙门菌检出率最高,为28.83%。病原体总检出率在不同的年龄组、季节、职业和不同食品类别、食品来源、食品加工及包装方式之间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析发现季节、职业和可疑食品来源为食源性疾病病原体检出率的主要影响因素(P<0.05)。结论福州市食源性疾病主要以沙门菌感染为主,建议加强主动监测。在疾病高发期对重点人群、重点场所做好食源性疾病防病相关宣教工作,减少食源性疾病的发生。

Objective This paper aims to analyze the active surveillance results of foodborne diseases in Fuzhou and understand the epidemic characteristics and pathogen detection of foodborne diseases,so as to provide reference for the prevention and con⁃trol of foodborne diseases.Methods Information of foodborne disease cases and results of pathogen detection reported by 4 active surveillance sentinel hospitals in Fuzhou from 2016 to 2022 were collected for statistical analysis.Results A total of 2730 cases were collected,the incidence was high in summer,and the population was mainly scattered children aged≤6 years.The majority of suspicious food was grain and its products,the mainly suspicious places were retails and farmers'mar⁃kets,and the processing method was mostly homemade.1005 pathogens were detected,and the highest rate was observed in Salmonella(28.83%).There was statistical significance on the differences in the total pathogen detection rate among different age groups,seasons,occupations,food categories,food sources,food processing and packaging methods(P<0.05).Multiva⁃riate logistic regression analysis showed that season,occupations and source of suspicious foods were the main influencing factors for pathogen detection rate of foodborne diseases(P<0.05).Conclusion Salmonella infection is the main cause of foodborne disease in Fuzhou City.It is suggested that active surveillance should be strengthened.In order to reduce the occurrence of foodborne diseases,it is needed to do a good job of propaganda and education on foodborne disease prevention during the high incidence period,especially for key populations and places.