外泌体在支气管哮喘发病机制中的研究进展

Research Progress in Exosomes in the Pathogenesis of Bronchial Asthma

支气管哮喘是由多种免疫细胞和结构细胞共同参与的慢性气道炎症为特征的异质性疾病,具有气流受限、高反应性以及气道重塑等特征,且发病机制非常复杂。近年来,外泌体领域的研究发展迅速,外泌体是由多种细胞分泌的小囊泡,且天然存在于各种生物流体中,具有稳定、生物相容等特性。不同细胞来源的外泌体通过特定的作用机制参与气道炎症、气道重塑、气道高反应性等病理生理过程,在支气管哮喘的多个环节起到重要的调节作用。本文就外泌体在支气管哮喘发病机制中的作用做一综述。

Bronchial asthma is a heterogeneous chronic inflammatory disease involving multiple immune cells and structural cells.It is characterized by airflow limitation,airway hyperresponsiveness,and airway remodeling,with complex pathogenesis.In recent years,the research on exosomes has developed rapidly.Exosomes are small vesicles secreted by a variety of cells and are naturally found in various biological fluids,with stability and biocompatibility.Exosomes from different cells are involved in pathophysiological processes such as airway inflammation,remodeling,and hyperresponsiveness through specific mechanisms and play a regulatory role in multiple links in bronchial asthma.This review focuses on the role of exosomes from different cells in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma.