社会网络视角下资本下乡与乡村社会嵌入机理与优化路径

Mechanism and Optimization Path of Embedded Coupling between Capital and Rural Society from the Perspective of Social Network

资本下乡从事农业生产经营是中国实施乡村振兴战略、推动城乡融合发展、解决制约“三农”问题的一条有效途径。在社会网络分析的基础上,首先提出乡村社会网络主体的互动具有多元性、动态性、协同性和自适应性等特征,并基于“外来”属性,分析得出下乡资本的嵌入困境主要表现在资源获取、合同履约、劳动参与、设施服务、竞争合作等领域。为破解这些困境,在案例分析的基础上,提出下乡资本嵌入乡村社会网络要从产业嵌入、社会嵌入和文化嵌入3个层次逐步深化的嵌入机理,并结合嵌入机理从明确嵌入的行为边界、积极拓展社会网络两方面详细探讨了资本下乡嵌入的优化路径,不断增强下乡资本在乡村社会网络结构中的影响力,为乡村社会协同治理打开新思路。

Capital going to the countryside to engage in agricultural production and operation is an effective way for China to implement the rural revitalization strategy,promote urban-rural integration development,and solve the constraints on the issues of agriculture,rural areas and farmers in China.On the basis of social network analysis,first it was proposed that the interaction of rural social network entities has characteristics such as diversity,dynamism,synergy and adaptability,and based on the external attribute,it was analyzed that the embedding dilemma of rural capital mainly manifests in areas such as resource acquisition,contract performance,labor participation,facility services,and competition and cooperation.To solve these difficulties,based on case analysis,the embedding mechanism of rural capital into rural social networks should be gradually deepened from three levels:industrial embedding,social embedding,and cultural embedding,combined with the embedding mechanism,the optimization path of capital embedding in rural areas was explored in detail from two aspects:clarifying the boundary of embedding behavior and actively expanding social networks,so as to continuously enhance the influence of rural capital in the network structure,and open up new ideas for collaborative governance in rural society。