2American Association for the Advancement of Science(A A AS). Science for all Americans [ M ] .New York: OxfordUniversity Press, 1989. http://www.project2061.org/publi-cations/sfaa/online/sfaatoc.htm.
3AmericanAssociation for the Advancement of Science(AAAS). Benchmarks for Science Literacy[M].New York:Oxford University Press, 1993. http://www.project2061.org/publications/bsl/online/bolintro.htm.
4NationaIResearch Council (NRC). National Science Edu-cation Standards[M]. Washington, DC: National AcademyPress,1996.http : //www.nap.edu/readingroom/books/nses/.
5NationalGovernors Association, Council of Chief StateSchool Officers. Common Core State Standards Initiative:Preparing American's Students for Colleges and Career.[EB/OL]http://www.corestandards.org/. 2012-03-20.
6National Research Coun-cil (NRC). A Framework for K-12 Science Education:Practices, Crosscutting Concepts, and Core Ideas [M].Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2012.10,1,2,23-28,27,8,30,31.
7NationalAssessment of Educational Progress. ScienceFramework for the 2009 National Assessment of EducationalProgress [M]. Washington, DC. : Government Printing Of-fice, 2009.
8CollegeBoard. Science College Board Standards for CollegeSuccess[M].College Board,2009.
9National Research Council (NRC).Taking Science toSchool : Learning and Teaching Science in Grade K-8[M]. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press,2007.
10Consortiumfor Policy Research in Education. LearningProgressions in Science : an Evidence-based Approach toReform [R]. Columbia University: Center on ContinuousInstructional Improvement, Teachers Colleges,2009.