高速动车组抗蛇行减振器参数优化研究

Optimization study of anti-yaw damper parameters for high-speed EMUs

蛇行运动是轨道车辆的固有属性,随着高速铁路的发展,高速动车组稳定性问题越来越突出,抗蛇行减振器对于车辆稳定性具有重要影响,通过优化抗蛇行减振器参数可以有效提升高速动车组运行性能。本文建立高速动车组车辆动力学模型,利用超拉丁采样选取减振器设计参数,并采用KSM模型进行动力学响应分析,最后采用NS-GA-Ⅱ算法对抗蛇行减振器参数进行优化,并对优化前后的动车组动力学性能进行对比。结果表明:优化后参数下,XP55标准车轮临界速度提高15.28%,达到463.8 km/h,XP55磨耗车轮临界速度提高13.71%。优化后参数进一步提升了车体的平稳性和舒适度,轮轴横向力减小。同时优化后参数降低了新轮工况和磨耗车轮工况下的车体和转向架横向加速度幅值,抑制了车辆横向振动。分析了减振器参数优化对接触点位置和车轮磨耗指数的影响,优化后参数减小了车轮横向接触点横移,速度为250 km/h时,XP55标准车轮磨耗指数减小14.65%,XP55磨耗车轮磨耗指数减小15.8%。因此,抗蛇行减振器参数优化后可以有效提高车辆稳定性和运行性能。

Hunting motion is an inherent property of rail vehicles.With the development of high-speed railways in China,the stabil-ity problem of high-speed EMUs is becoming more and more prominent.The anti-yaw damper has an important impact on the sta-bility of the vehicle and can be optimized to improve the operational performance of high-speed EMUs.The paper firstly establishes the vehicle dynamics model of high-speed EMUs,and selects the anti-yaw damper parameters by using Super Latin sampling.Then,the paper uses the Kriging surrogate model(KSM)for dynamic response analysis,and utilizes the nondominated sorting ge-netic algorithmsⅡ(NSGA-Ⅱ)to optimize the anti-yaw damper parameters.The dynamic performance of high-speed EMUs is compared before and after parameters optimization.The results show that the optimized parameters increase the critical speed of XP55 standard wheel profile by 15.28%,which reach 463.8 km/h and the critical speed of XP55 worn wheel profile increased by 13.71%.At the same time,the optimized parameters for the ride and comfort index of the carbody are further improved,and the lateral force of the wheel axle is reduced.At the same time,the optimized parameters reduce the lateral acceleration amplitude of the carbody and bogie for the new and worn wheel profiles,and suppress the vehicle lateral vibration.Finally,the effect of anti-yaw damper parameters on the contact point location and wheel wear index was analyzed.The optimized parameters reduced the lateral movement of wheel contact point,the wear index of the XP55 standard wheel profile is reduced by 14.65%at a speed of 250 km/h,and the wear index of the XP55 worn wheel profile is reduced by 15.8%.Therefore,the optimized anti-yaw damper pa-rameters can effectively improve the stability and running performance.