基于GIS和信息量模型的山地环境地质灾害易发性评价——以湖北省秭归县为例

Susceptibility Evaluation of Mountain EnvironmentalGeological Disasters Based on GIS and Information Model:Taking Zigui County in Hubei Province as an Example

湖北省秭归县地质灾害频发,严重影响了当地群众的生命财产安全,同时也制约了地方经济社会的发展。以秭归县作为研究区,结合其地质灾害分布现状,选取高程、坡度、坡向、斜坡结构、距构造带距离、工程地质岩组、水系密度等7个控制因素,运用GIS技术和信息量模型相结合的评价方法进行地质灾害易发性评价。结果表明,秭归县极高、高、中和低易发区的面积分别为83.11、186.00、571.22、1355.06 km 2;区内地质灾害呈现带状集中展布式分布,与距构造带距离和水系密度具有较强的相关性,距构造带距离越远,地质灾害发育程度明显减弱,同时随着水系密度的减小,地质灾害表现出逐渐减弱的趋势。研究结果与实际调查情况基本相符,表明基于GIS和信息量模型的评价方法能够较好地应用于地质灾害易发性评价。

The frequent occurrence of geological disasters in Zigui County,Hubei Province has seriously affected the safety of life and property of local people,and also restricted the development of local economy and society.Taking Zigui County as the research area,combined with the distribution of geological disasters,seven control factors,such as elevation,slope,slope direction,slope structure,distance from structural belt,engineering geological rock group and water system,were selected to evaluate the susceptibility of geological disasters by using GIS technology and information model method.The areas of extremely high,high,moderate and low prone areas in Zigui County were 83.11 km 2,186.00 km 2,571.22 km 2 and 1355.06 km 2 respectively.The geological disasters in the area are distributed in a banded and concentrated distribution,which has a strong correlation with the distribution of tectonic belts and water systems density.The farther away from the tectonic belt,the development degree of geological disasters will be weakened significantly.With the decrease of the density of the water system,geological disasters show a gradual weakening trend.The research results are basically consistent with the actual investigation,indicating that the evaluation based on GIS and information model method can be used to evaluate the susceptibility of geological disasters.