“绿洲一号”穴盘苗茎秆力学特性试验

Experiment on mechanical characteristics of stem of“Oasis No.1”hole seedling

探究“绿洲一号”穴盘苗茎秆的力学特性,为研制、优化移栽取苗机构提供理论指导。采用万能物料试验机开展“绿洲一号”穴盘苗茎秆的拉伸、径向压缩、弯曲以及穴盘苗的脱盘试验并完成形态特征测量,结合有限元分析法对茎秆径向压缩进行仿真分析。结果表明:在加载速度相同情况下,0~20 mm段茎秆拉断力以及最大压缩力高于20~40 mm段;在相近试验直径下,加载速度越大,茎秆的抗弯特性表现更好;“绿洲一号”穴盘苗的脱盘力的范围为2.01~10.81 N、平均值为5.16 N,表明夹茎秆取苗方式可以满足取苗要求;开展径向压缩仿真分析,径向压缩时茎秆的上顶圆弧面处的应力与应变均为最大,并且得到仿真值与试验值的偏差范围为3.5%~15.5%。试验表明:0~20 mm段茎秆的力学性能优于20~40 mm段,结果可以为后续“绿洲一号”移栽取苗机构的设计提供理论参考。

The mechanical characteristics of the stem of“Oasis No.1”hole tray seedlings were studied to provide theoretical guidance for the development and optimization of transplanting and seeding mechanism.The universal material testing machine was used to carry out the tensile,radial compression and bending tests of the stem of“Oasis No.1”hole plate seedlings and the peeling tests of the hole plate seedlings,and the morphological characteristics were measured.The radial compression of the stem was simulated and analyzed with the finite element analysis method.The test results showed that under the same loading speed,the breaking force and maximum compression force of the 0-20 mm segment of the stem were higher than those of the 20-40 mm segment of the stem.At the same test diameter,the higher the loading speed,the better the bending resistance performance of the stem.The range of the disc force of the“Oasis No.1”hole tray seedlings was 2.01-10.81 N,and the average value was 5.16 N,indicating that the mode of shoot retrieval by clamp stalk could meet the requirements of shoot retrieval.The radial compression simulation analysis showed that the stress and strain at the top arc surface of the stem were the maximum during radial compression,and the deviation of the simulation value from the test value was obtained in the range of 3.5%-15.5%.The experimental results showed that the mechanical properties of stems with a length of 0-20 mm were better than those with a length of 20-40 mm.The results can provide a theoretical reference for the design of the transplanting and seedling picking mechanism of“Oasis No.1”in the future.