基于变量施肥系统的施肥准确性影响因素仿真与试验

Simulation and experiment of influencing factors of fertilization accuracy based on variable rate fertilization system

为实现精确变量施肥作业,在对变量施肥系统的架构和实施方式研究的基础上,对施肥准确性的系统流程进行探究,设计利用点定位技术获取变量施肥处方数据的施肥处方图步进数据转化系统和串口调试系统,利用点定位技术调取云端数据库的变量施肥处方数据进行变量施肥作业。针对变量施肥准确性进行EDEM离散元分析和田间试验。经数据分析,田间试验与仿真结果的漏肥量平均误差率为3.11%,可得出影响槽轮式排肥器的施肥准确率的主要因素是肥料落入槽轮凹槽的速率,槽轮对肥料的反推作用影响很小。进行田间施肥准确性试验验证时,修正排肥器的转动速率可增加变量施肥的准确性。

In order to complete the precise variable fertilization operation,on the basis of the research on the architecture and implementation mode of the variable fertilization system,the system flow of fertilization accuracy was explored,and the step data conversion system and serial port debugging system of fertilization prescription map using point positioning technology to obtain variable fertilization prescription data were designed.EDEM discrete element analysis and field experiment were carried out for the accuracy of variable rate fertilization.After data comparison and analysis,the average error rate of field experiment and simulation results was 3.11%.It could be concluded that the main factor affecting the fertilization accuracy of the groove wheel fertilizer distributor was the rate of fertilizer falling into the groove of the groove wheel.When further fertilization accuracy test was carried out in the field,it was concluded that the rotation rate of the modified fertilizer discharger could increase the accuracy of variable rate fertilization.