超声联合酶辅助蒸馏法提取丁香精油工艺优化

Optimization of extraction process of clove essential oil by ultrasonic combined with enzyme assisted distillation method

在单因素试验的基础上,研究超声联合酶辅助蒸馏法提取丁香精油工艺的最佳工艺,运用GC-MS技术对丁香精油进行化学成分分析,并通过扫描电子显微镜对丁香药材提取后的超微结构进行观察。结果表明:超声联合酶辅助蒸馏法提取丁香精油的最佳工艺为:液料比16∶1(mL/g),超声时间20 min,酶添加量1.6%,酶解pH 5.0,酶解温度55℃,酶解时间62 min,提取时间260 min,在此条件下丁香精油的平均提取率为18.31%;从丁香精油中共鉴定出10种化学成分,主要成分为丁香酚、乙酸丁香酚酯和β-石竹烯;扫描电镜观察表明超声联合酶处理可以更好的破坏药材组织结构,促进了精油的释放。

Based on a single-factor experiment,the optimal technology of extracting clove essential oil by ultrasonic combined with enzyme-assisted distillation was studied.The chemical components of clove essential oil were analyzed by GC-MS,and the ultrastructure of the clove after extraction was observed by scanning electron microscope.The results showed that the optimal extraction process of clove essential oil by ultrasonic combined with enzyme-assisted distillation was as follows:liquid material ratio 16∶1(mL/g),ultrasonic time 20 min,enzyme addition 1.6%,enzymolysis pH 5.0,enzymolysis temperature 55℃,enzymolysis time 62 min,and extraction time 260 min.Under these conditions,the average extraction rate of clove essential oil was 18.31%;the chemical components were identified from clove essential oil,including eugenol,eugenol acetate,and β-Caryophyllene;the scanning electron microscope observation showed that ultrasonic treatment combined with enzyme treatment could better destroy the tissue structure of medicinal materials and promote the release of essential oil.