饲粮中添加戊糖片球菌对育成期水貂生长性能、营养物质表观消化率以及血清生化、抗氧化和免疫指标的影响

Effects of Dietary Pediococcus pentosaceus on Growth Performance,Nutrient Apparent Digestibility, Serum Biochemical, Antioxidant andImmune Indices of Minks during Growing Period

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加戊糖片球菌(Pediococcus pentosaceus)对育成期水貂生长性能、营养物质表观消化率以及血清生化、抗氧化和免疫指标的影响。选取(75±3)日龄的健康雄性短毛黑水貂100只,随机分为5组,每组20个重复,每个重复1只水貂。每天在每只水貂的基础饲粮中添加1 mL浓度分别为0(Ⅰ组,作为对照组)、1×107(Ⅱ组)、1×108(Ⅲ组)、1×109(Ⅳ组)和1×1010 CFU/mL(Ⅴ组)的新鲜戊糖片球菌菌液。预试期7 d,正试期56 d。结果表明:1)试验第1~28天,各组之间粪便评分差异均不显著(P>0.05);试验第29~42天和第43~56天,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组的粪便评分显著低于对照组(P<0.05);试验第1~56天,Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组的粪便评分显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。2)试验第1~56天,Ⅲ组的平均日增重和平均日采食量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);试验第29~42天,Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组的平均日采食量极显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。3)各组之间干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和碳水化合物的表观消化率差异不显著(P>0.05)。4)Ⅲ组水貂血清胆固醇含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05);Ⅲ和Ⅳ组水貂血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。5)各组水貂血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性和丙二醛含量无显著差异(P>0.05);Ⅲ组水貂血清总抗氧化能力显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。6)各试验组水貂血清免疫球蛋白A含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),Ⅲ、Ⅳ组水貂血清免疫球蛋白M含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05);Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组水貂血清免疫球蛋白G含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加1×108 CFU/(d·只)戊糖片球菌时,可提高育成期水貂的生长性能,调节血脂水平,并提高机体抗氧化能力和免疫功能。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary Pentococcus pentosaceus on the growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibility,serum biochemical,antioxidant and immune indices of minks during growing period.One hundred healthy male short-haired black minks aged(75±3)days were randomly divided into 5 groups with 20 replicates in each group and 1 mink in each replicate.Minks in the 5 groups were fed a basal diet,and added 1 mL fresh Pentococcus pentosaceus solution into the diet of per mink per day,the concentrations of fresh Pentococcus pentosaceus solution were 0(groupⅠ,as control group),1×107(groupⅡ),1×108(groupⅢ),1×109(groupⅣ)and 1×1010 CFU/mL(groupⅤ),respectively.The pre-trial period lasted for 7 days and the experimental period lasted for 56 days.The results showed as follows:1)there was no significant difference in fecal score among groups within days 1 to 28(P>0.05).The fecal score of groupsⅢandⅣwas significantly lower than that of the control group within days 29 to 42 and days 43 to 56(P<0.05).The fecal score of groupsⅢ,ⅣandⅤwas significantly lower than that of the control group within days 1 to 56(P<0.05).2)The average daily gain and average daily feed intake of groupⅢwere significantly higher than those of the control group within days 1 to 56(P<0.05),and the average daily feed intake of groupsⅡ,ⅢandⅣwas extremely significantly higher than that of the control group within days 29 to 42(P<0.01).3)There was no significant difference in the apparent digestibility of dry matter,crude protein,ether extract and carbohydrate among groups(P>0.05).4)Serum cholesterol content of groupⅢwas significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05),and serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol content was significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05).Serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol content of groupsⅢandⅣwas significantly lower than that of control group(P<0.05).5)There were no significant differences in serum glutathione peroxidase,superoxide dismutase activities and malonaldehyde content among groups(P>0.05).Serum total antioxidant capacity of groupⅢwas significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).6)Serum immunoglobulin A content of groupsⅡ,Ⅲ,ⅣandⅤwas significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).Serum immunoglobulin M content of groupⅢandⅣwas significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),and serum immunoglobulin G content of groupsⅡ,ⅢandⅣwere significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).In conclusion,when the diet supplemental with 1×108 CFU/(d·mink),the growth performance of minks during growing period can be improved,the blood lipid level can be regulated,and the antioxidant capacity and immune function of body can be enhanced.