基于最大熵模型(MaxEnt)和地理信息系统(GIS)的麻竹中国适生分布格局研究

Study on the distribution pattern of Dendrocalamus latiflorus in China based on the maximum entropy model(MaxEnt)and geographic information system(GIS)

麻竹(Dendrocalamus latiflorus)为典型的笋、材两用竹,有较高的经济价值和生态效益。对麻竹适生区分布格局进行研究将为麻竹的因地制宜种植栽培和资源保护地选择提供有效参考。本研究通过文献资料、中国植物数字标本馆(CVH)、全球生物多样性信息服务网络平台(GBIF)3种途径整理筛选出103个麻竹的地理分布数据,结合相关性分析筛选后的10个气候及土壤因子,运用最大熵模型(MaxEnt)和地理信息系统(GIS)对当前气候情景下麻竹在中国的适生区格局进行研究,并分析影响麻竹分布的主要生态环境因子。研究发现麻竹总适生区大约为106.1476万km 2,其中高适生区主要集中在台湾地区、福建、广东、广西、海南等地,在云南、四川、重庆也有分布,但不集中。此外,西藏墨脱县、察隅县境内亦有高度适合麻竹环境条件的区域分布。同时通过主要环境变量响应曲线分析得到麻竹的最适生长条件为年均气温18.5~25.5℃、最冷月最低温6.5~17.5℃、土壤有效含水量23%~30%、最湿季度平均温度20.5~27.5℃。MaxEnt模型能精准预测麻竹的适生区分布格局,本研究结果对麻竹资源的可持续开发利用提供了科学依据。

Dendrocalamus latiflorus is a typical bamboo shoot and timber dual-use bamboo with high economic and ecological values.Study on the distribution patterns of the species could provide an effective reference for the planting and cultivation of Dendrocalamus latiflorus and the selection of resource protection sites.In this study,103 geographical distribution data of Dendrocalamus latiflorus in China were sorted out and screened through literature,The Chinese Virtual Herbarium(CVH)and The Global Biodiversity Information Facility(GBIF),and combined with 10 climate and soil factors screened by correlation analysis,the maximum entropy model(MaxEnt)and geographic information system(GIS)were used to study the pattern of suitable areas of Dendrocalamus latiflorus in China under the current climate scenario.Furtheremore,the main ecological environmental factors affecting the distribution of Dendrocalamus latiflorus were also analyzed.The study found that there are few medium-high fitness areas of Dendrocalamus latiflorus in China,with a total fitness area of 1.061476 million km 2.The medium-high fitness areas were mainly concentrated in Taiwan region,Fujian,Guangdong,Guangxi,Hainan and other places;It was also distributed in Yunnan,Sichuan and Chongqing,but not concentrated;In addition,there were also regional distribution areas that are highly suitable for the environmental conditions of Dendrocalamus latiflorus in Motuo County and Chayu County of Xizang.According to the analysis of the response curve of the main environmental variables,the optimum growth conditions of Dendrocalamus latiflorus were the average annual temperature of 18.5~25.5℃,the lowest temperature of 6.5~17.5℃,the effective soil water content of 23%~30%,and the average temperature of the wettest season of 20.5~27.5℃.The simulation accuracy AUC value was 0.971.MaxEnt model could accurately predict the distribution pattern of suitable growth areas of Dendrocalamus latiflorus.The results of this study provided a scientific basis for the sustainable development and utilization of Dendrocalamus latiflorus resources.