阜阳市城区水系治理技术体系示范应用与效果分析

Model application and effect analysis of restoration technology system on urban polluted river in the Fuyang City

随着工业化和城镇化发展,未经处理的生活污水、工业污水以及地表径流中污染物排入河道水系,导致城市水体污染加重,局部地区出现黑臭现象。由于城市污染水体来源、成因和环境条件等因素的复杂多变,注重短期效应的单一修复技术难以持续有效改善水体水质,因此,需要分析污染成因并结合地区实际情况进行治理技术的集成与局部创新。基于阜阳市城区水系污染现状以及成因,采用以水功能区划和水质修复为目标的城市水系水质提升与保障技术体系,将管网改造截污、兴建调蓄池、河道清淤、蓄水活水工程、岸坡再自然化改造与植被景观工程等措施进行不同程度的革新与有序组合;并通过水质监测和现状调查比较该技术体系的修复效果,进一步从修复机制的角度分析各个工程措施在城市水系修复过程中的作用及功能属性。结果显示,与2017年修复工程实施前相比,2022年城区河道黑臭水体基本消除,水质得到了显著提升,从劣Ⅴ类和黑臭水体提升到Ⅲ~Ⅴ类地表水标准,人居环境得到了有效改善,可为我国城市水体污染控制与水环境治理提供技术体系和示范。

With the development of industrialization and urbanization,the pollutants discharged from domestic wastewater,industrial wastewater,and surface runoff after rainstorms resulted in severe water pollution,even black-odor phenomenon in some areas.The source of water pollutants,potential reasons,and environmental conditions are complicated,as a result,the single restoration technology focusing on short-term effects cannot effectively and permanently improve the water quality and ecological environment,therefore,it is required to employ the combined advanced technologies.This study briefly described the pollution status and potential reasons of the river system in Fuyang City,adopted the water-quality improvement and safeguard system,including the sewage pipe network,construction of stormwater storage tank,desludging of rivers,rehabilitation of bank slope,diversion and connection project,shore re-naturalization and vegetation landscape engineering.We compared the effect of technological systems on improving river water quality,and further analyzed the specific function and the feasibility of measures on remediating the polluted water in the view of mechanism.The results demonstrated that water quality level improved from lower thanⅤlevel and black-odor river toⅢ~Ⅴlevel from 2017 to 2022.The aquatic environment and resident settlement have largely improved,supporting that the systematic measures provide an example of the need to remediate urban polluted water.