秋月梨水平棚架修剪整形技术研究

Pruning and Shaping Technology of Horizontal Trellis of Qiuyue Pear

为筛选出与水平棚架栽培模式相适应的整形方式,促进秋月梨生产,选择常见的二主枝树形、三主枝树形、联体梳形和双臂顺行式4种整形方式,开展不同整形方式对秋月梨净光合速率、果实产量和品质的影响研究。结果表明,采用双臂顺行式的秋月梨净光合效率总体最高,其中主枝中部叶片净光合速率最高。采用双臂顺行式的秋月梨单株果实数最多、单株果实产量最高,单果重居第二位。不同整形方式对秋月梨果实品质的影响较大,其中采用双臂顺行式的秋月梨果实硬度居中,可溶性固形物含量高,总酸含量最低,固酸比较高,品质较好。综合来看,双臂顺行式是最适宜潍坊地区秋月梨水平棚架栽培模式的整形方式。

In order to screen out shaping methods which are suitable for the horizontal trellis cultivation mode and promote the production of Qiuyue pear,four common shaping methods of two main branch tree shape,three main branch tree shape,combined comb shape and double arm anterograde shape,were selected to study the effects of different shaping methods on the net photosynthetic rate,fruit yield and quality of Qiuyue pear.The results showed that the net photosynthetic rate of Qiuyue pear was overall the highest by using the double arm anterograde shape,and the middle leaf of the main branch had the highest net photosynthetic rate.Using the double arm anterograde shape,the number of fruit per plant of Qiuyue pear was the maximum,fruit yield per plant was the highest,and single fruit weight was the second highest.Different shaping methods had a significant impact on the quality of Qiuyue pear fruit.Among them,using the double arm anterograde shape,the Qiuyue pear fruit had a middle hardness,high soluble solid content,the lowest total acid content,high solid acid ratio and good quality.Overall,the double arm anterograde shape is the most suitable shaping method for the horizontal trellis cultivation mode of Qiuyue pear in Weifang area.