从“居延汉简”看汉代戍卒的生活

On the Life of Garrison Soldiers in Han Dynasty from Juyan Han Bamboo

戍卒指在边关守卫或屯垦的士兵。汉武帝时期在河西地区实施了设郡、派遣戍卒、徙民、屯垦等一系列措施来加强西北边塞的防御,当时的居延属张掖郡,曾有大量戍卒屯戍,也出土了大量与此相关的简牍,对于研究戍卒及其生活非常有参考价值。从汉简内容和已有的相关研究成果出发,探究戍卒的管理制度、军务及物质、精神生活等,可为考证汉代军事防御体系、屯田活动提供参考,对于了解汉代丝绸之路的经济贸易、人口流动、民族融合、风俗习惯等具有重要意义。

Shu Zu is a soldier who served as guard or settlement in the border pass of Han Dynasty.During the reign of Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty,the Han government took a series of measures,such as setting up counties,dispatching garrison soldiers,resettling people and settling down for cultivation,to strengthen the defense of the northwest frontier fortress.At that time,Juyan was part of Zhangye County,and there were a large number of Shu soldiers here.At present,there are a large number of Han slips unearthed in this area,and more importantly,the records of Shu soldiers'life are very rich,which is of great reference value to the study of Shu soldiers and their life.Therefore,starting from the contents and research results of Juyan's Han slips,the study on the daily management system,military life,as well as material and spiritual life can provide research results for the detailed study of the military defense system and the camp activities of the Han Dynasty.It is also of great significance to understand the economy and trade,population flow and migration,ethnic integration,social customs and habits,and scientific and technological development on the Silk Road of the Han Dynasty.