经济走廊建设:“一带一路”高质量发展的微观基础

Economic Corridor Construction:The Micro-Foundation for High-Quality Development of the Belt and Road

经济走廊是共建“一带一路”的主要载体。与现有的多边贸易机制和区域经济一体化机制不同,经济走廊的核心功能是解决区域间发展的不平衡问题,因而与“一带一路”的发展导向具有内在的一致性。经济走廊不是一个静态机制,其从起步到成熟一般要经历狭义经济走廊、拓宽经济走廊、夯实经济走廊与广义经济走廊四个发展阶段。这种深化或升级实际上是构建区域供应链或价值链的过程。在经济走廊建设的不同阶段,其所要实现的目标和对要素投入的需求也各不相同。深化经济走廊建设既是“一带一路”高质量发展的内在要求,也是应对国际环境变化的必然选择。同时,实施新发展格局与扩大国内消费需求又为深化经济走廊、构建“一带一路”框架下的区域供应链提供了可行性。过去十年,“一带一路”框架下的经济走廊建设大多停留在前两个发展阶段。步入新的发展时期,深化经济走廊建设需要协调政府与企业的关系、中资企业与外资企业的关系、硬联通与软联通的关系以及创造新的比较优势与开发利用现有比较优势的关系,为推动共建“一带一路”高质量发展奠定微观基础。

Economic corridors are the main carriers of the Belt and Road.Different from the existing multilateral trade mechanism and regional economic integration mechanism,its core function is to solve the problem of imbalance in inter-regional development,so it has an inherent consistency with the development orientation of the Belt and Road.Economic corridor is not a static mechanism,and generally goes through four stages of development from its inception to maturity:narrow economic corridor,widening economic corridor,consolidating economic corridor and broad economic corridor.This deepening or upgrading is actually the process of building a regional supply chain or value chain.In its different stages,the goals to be achieved and the requirements for factor inputs are also different.Deepening the construction of the economic corridor is not only an endogenous requirement for the high-quality development of the Belt and Road,but also an inevitable choice to deal with external shocks.At the same time,the implementation of the new development pattern and the expansion of domestic consumption provide feasibility for deepening the economic corridor and building a regional supply chain under the Belt and Road framework.Over the past decade,the construction of economic corridors has mostly stayed in the first two stages.In the future,deepening the construction of economic corridors requires coordination between the government and enterprises,Chinese enterprises and foreign enterprises,hard and soft connectivity,and the creation of new comparative advantages and the exploitation of existing comparative advantages,so as to lay a micro-foundation for promoting the high-quality development of the Belt and Road.