2022年7-12月北京入境旅客中新冠病毒变异株监测分析

Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 variants from Beijing entry passengers during July to December 2022

目的 掌握2022年下半年北京口岸入境旅客感染的新冠病毒变异株分布情况,探讨其与全球新冠病毒变异株流行的关联性。方法 采集2022年7-12月北京口岸全部入境旅客的呼吸道样本,用RT-PCR法检测新冠病毒核酸,对阳性样本开展基因序列测定,用BioEdit软件进行序列一致性分析,病毒分支由Pangolin COVID-19 Lineage Assigner完成。通过世界卫生组织和GISAID获得全球新冠病毒感染和变异株的监测数据,探讨全球监测数据与北京口岸监测数据的关联性。结果 共采集并检测了入境旅客呼吸道样本121 542件,其中阳性712件;对符合测序条件的631件进行基因测序,获得全基因组序列308条,奥密克戎BA.5.2(22.1%)、 BF.7(9.1%)和BQ.1.1(9.1%)为主要流行株,占40.3%。口岸检出新冠病毒阳性率与同期全球新冠发病水平的相关性无统计学意义(r=-0.71,P>0.05),口岸检出的主要变异株分支多为同期全球主导流行株,但两者的相关性无统计学意义(r=0.41,P>0.05)。具有传播优势的变异株在全球成为主导流行株之前,在入境旅客中即有检出。结论 关注全球流行变异株和优势变异株,对输入变异株分析有一定的参考价值。

Objective To understand the variants distribution of SARS-CoV-2 from entry passengers at Beijing port during the latter half of 2022,and explore its correlation with the international spread of SARS-CoV-2 lineages.Methods The respiratory tract samples of all entry passengers at Beijing port were collected for nucleic acid test of SARS-CoV-2 and whole genome sequencing was performed to eligible samples.Sequence consistency analysis was performed using BioEdit software and virus branching was performed by Pangolin COVID-19 Lineage Assigner.For comparative analysis,the monthly COVID-19 incidence was obtained from WHO,global SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences were obtained from the GISAID database.Results A total of 121542 samples were collected from inbound passengers and all of them were tested for SARS-CoV-2,of which 712 were test positive.A total of 631 eligible samples were sequenced,and 308 genomic sequences were obtained.The most common genotype was Omicron BA.5.2(22.1%),followed by BF.7(9.1%)and BQ.1.1(9.1%).They accounted for 40.3%in all genotypes.There was no relationship between the positive rate of SARS-CoV-2 detected at ports and the global incidence of COVID-19(r=-0.71,P>0.05).However,the sub-lineages detected at ports were largely aligning with the type of sub-lineages with the global genomic epidemiology during the same period,though the relationship was not statistically significant(r=0.41,P>0.05).The variants with increase advantages could be detected among inbound travelers before they become the dominant pandemic strains worldwide.Conclusion Paying close attention to the predominant lineages of SARS-CoV-2 globally and those with increase advantages was of reference significance for the analysis of imported variants at ports.