西昌人工与自动酸雨观测记录差异规律研究

Study on the Difference Law Between Artificial and Automatic Acid RainObservation Records in Xichang

利用西昌国家基本气象站2021年人工和自动的酸雨观测数据,对TCYII 1型酸雨自动观测系统和人工系统的降水采样偏差及完整性、测量数据的准确性和一致性、设备硬件及软件通信的故障率进行了对比分析。结果表明:正常情况下,2套系统数据的完整性、准确性、一致性较好。酸雨自动观测系统在采样方式及样品保存方面具备一定优势,能够保证观测数据更接近于自然雨水的数值,更贴近真实情况。自动观测系统面临单轨运行,它的手动操作设置、部分配件需厂家优化改进。上级主管部门对自动系统测量阈值的设定、采样中出现的漏采、空采、多采等特殊情况,仍需进一步明确处理办法。

Using artificial and automatic acid rain observation data from National Basic Meteorological Station of Xichang in 2021,the precipitation sampling deviation and completeness,the accuracy and consistency of measured data,the fault rates of the hardware and software communications of type 1 TCYII acid rain automatic observation system and artificial system were compared and analyzed.The results show that,under normal circumstances,the data completeness,accuracy and consistency of the two systems are good.The acid rain automatic observation system has certain advantages in sam⁃pling method and sample preservation,which can ensure that the observation data is closer to the value of natural rainwa⁃ter and to the real situation.The automatic observation system has problems of monorail operation,and its manual opera⁃tion and some accessories need to be optimized and improved by the manufacturer.The higher-level authorities still need to further clarify the operation methods for setting the system's measurement thresholds,for peculiar situations such as missing records,empty records and excessive records that occur during sampling.