近现代日本汉学家的中国体验及其叙事策略

The Chinese Experience and Narrative Strategy of Modern Japanese Sinologists

自19世纪60年代以来,来华日本汉学家渐多,他们在中国游记中建构了“古代中国与现实中国”的对立模式。这些中国体验成为近现代日本汉学家中国观转变的重要契机,游记文本中呈现的“古代中国与现实中国”“中国与日本”的双重结构体现了日本汉学家殖民话语的建构过程。在游记文本中,近现代日本汉学家通过其所谓对中国文化的“乡愁”与前现代“中国时间”体验的描述,凸显了现实中国的“反常”特质,建立了假借历史论说当下的中国叙事策略。这一叙事策略以古代中国为幌子,实则为中国符号缺失的自说自话,暴露了近现代日本汉学家中国言说背后的东方主义实质。

Since the 1860s,more and more Japanese sinologists came to China,and they constructed the opposing mode of"Ancient China&Modern China"in their Chinese travel notes.These Chinese experiences have become an important opportunity for the transformation of Japanese sinologists'view of China in modern times.The dual structure of"Ancient China&Modern China"and"China&.Japan"presented in travel texts reflects the construction process of the colonial discourse of Japanese sinologists.Through their socalled"nostalgia for Chinese culture"and the description of"Chinese time"with pre-modern color,Japanese sinologists highlight the"abnormal"characteristics of modern China and establish the narrative strategy of talking about current China under the pretext of"history".This narrative strategy,under the guise of"Ancient China",is actually a"self-talk"of the absence of Chinese symbols,exposing the essence of orientalism behind the Chinese narrative of modern Japanese sinologists.