围生期血脂代谢与脂代谢相关疾病的研究进展

Research Progress in Perinatal Lipid Metabolism and Related Diseases

血脂在妊娠期会出现生理性的升高,而超过生理性的血脂的异常升高则会引起一系列母儿并发症的发生,并对母儿产生远期不良后果。过多的脂质会加重体内的氧化应激反应,从而加重血管内皮损伤,诱发子痫前期;血脂异常与胰岛素的相互作用增加妊娠期糖尿病的发生率,并通过影响肝脏的脂代谢增加妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症等代谢性疾病的发生风险。而妊娠期血脂代谢异常的机制尚不完全明确,胎盘作为母体与胎儿之间联系的纽带,承担着营养物质交换、内分泌调节、免疫保护等作用,胎盘结构和功能异常可为血脂代谢异常所致疾病的病理机制研究提供思路。

Blood lipids may increase physiologically during pregnancy,while supraphysiological increased lipids may cause a series of maternal and infant complications,which have long-term adverse effects on both the mother and child.Excessive lipids will promote oxidative stress in vivo,aggravate vascular endothelial damage and induce preeclampsia.The interaction between dyslipidemia and insulin increases the probability of gestational diabetes and dyslipidemia increases the risk of metabolic diseases such as intrahepatic cholestasis during pregnancy by affecting the lipid metabolism of the liver.Mechanism of dyslipidemia in pregnancy is still not completely clear.As the link between mother and fetus,placenta plays an important role of nutrient exchange,endocrine regulation,immune protection etc.,and abnormal placental structure and function can provide ideas for the research on the pathological mechanism of dyslipidemia caused diseases.