巨噬细胞极化在急性肺损伤中的作用

Role of Macrophage Polarization in Acute Lung Injury

感染是造成急性肺损伤的关键原因,而病毒、细菌是感染性肺损伤的主要原因。病毒、细菌及其他因素可导致肺部炎症,并可能进一步发展为急性肺损伤。肺巨噬细胞构成了肺部免疫的第一道防线,在免疫监视和维持组织完整性方面发挥着重要作用。当肺部受到病原体刺激后,单核细胞分化为巨噬细胞并在肺部募集。在不同刺激下,巨噬细胞极化为M1/M2表型,破坏M1/M2型巨噬细胞平衡,使肺部发生各种免疫反应,导致急性肺损伤。了解病毒、细菌刺激导致巨噬细胞表型变化及巨噬细胞极化对急性肺损伤的影响,可能为急性肺损伤的治疗提供新策略。

Infection is a key cause of acute lung injury,and viruses and bacteria are the main causes of infectious lung injury.Viruses,bacteria and other factors can cause inflammation of the lungs and there is a great potential for further development into acute lung injury.Lung macrophages form the first line of defense for the lungs and play an important role in immune surveillance and maintaining tissue integrity.When the lungs are stimulated by pathogens,monocytes differentiate into macrophages and recruit in the lungs.Under different stimuli,macrophages polarize to M1/M2 phenotype,disrupting the M1/M2 macrophage balance and causing a variety of immune responses in the lungs,leading to the development of acute lung injury.Understanding the effects of viral and bacterial stimuli leading to changes in macrophage phenotype and macrophage polarization on acute lung injury may provide new strategies for the treatment of acute lung injury.