复杂性肾结石的外科治疗进展

Advances in Surgical Treatment of Complex Nephrolithiasis

复杂性肾结石是泌尿系统常见疾病,具有处理棘手、取石率低、复发率高等特点。外科手术是治疗复杂性肾结石的有效手段,其理想目标是通过一次手术即达到清石率高、并发症发生率低的目的,但至今尚未有任一术式能满足这个要求。随着医疗水平的不断发展,各种外科手段不断被完善、改进而应用于复杂性肾结石的治疗,如经皮肾镜碎石取石术、输尿管软镜碎石术、多镜联合碎石取石术、机器人辅助腹腔镜手术等,不仅手术疗效及安全性得到进一步提高,在促进患者恢复、改善远期预后方面也具有重要意义。未来临床可进一步探索更为安全、有效、经济的术式,以提高复杂性肾结石的一次性治愈率。

Complex nephrolithiasis is a common disease of urinary system,which is characterized by difficult clinical treatment,low stone removal rate and high recurrence rate.Surgery is an effective treatment,and the ideal goal is to achieve high stone removal rate and low complication rate through one operation,but so far,no single operation can meet this requirement.With the continuous development of medical level,various surgical methods have been continuously improved,advanced and applied to the treatment of complex nephrolithiasis,such as percutaneous nephrolithotomy,flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy,multi-scope combined lithotripsy,robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery,etc.,which not only can further improve the surgical efficacy and safety,but also have important significance in promoting the recovery of the patients and improving the long-term prognosis.In the future,more safe,effective and economical surgical methods can be further explored in clinical to improve the one-time cure rate of complex nephrolithiasis.