血管紧张素转换酶2在急性肺损伤中作用的研究进展

Research Progress of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 in Acute Lung Injury

血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)2是肾素-血管紧张素系统的关键酶,广泛分布于肺、心血管系统、肾脏、肠道中。急性肺损伤(ALI)是一种以严重低氧血症和弥漫性肺泡损伤为特征的疾病,各种因素引发的肺部感染是ALI发病的主要原因。随着研究的深入,发现ACE2可通过ACE2-血管紧张素(Ang)1~7-Mas recptor(MASR)轴在ALI中发挥抗炎、抗肺细胞凋亡、抗肺纤维化的作用,其通过水解AngⅡ生成Ang1~7,导致AngⅡ/Ang1~7的失衡,拮抗ACE-AngⅡ-AngⅡ1型受体轴的促炎、促肺细胞凋亡、促肺纤维化作用;此外,ACE2还可通过Ang1~7-MASR轴拮抗下游的一些有关炎症、肺细胞凋亡、肺纤维化的信号通路。

Angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE)2 is the key enzyme of renin-angiotensin system,which is widely distributed in the lung,cardiovascular system,kidney and intestine.Acute lung injury(ALI)is a disease characterized by severe hypoxemia and diffuse alveolar injury.Lung infection caused by various factors is the main cause of ALI.With the deepening of the research,it′s found that ACE2 can play the anti-inflammatory,anti-apoptosis and anti-fibrosis role in ALI through ACE2-angiotensin(Ang)1-7-Mas receptor(MASR)axis.It can hydrolyze AngⅡto produce Ang 1-7,which leads to AngⅡ/Ang 1-7 imbalance,and antagonizes the pro-inflammatory,pro-apoptosis and pro-fibrosis effects of ACE-AngⅡ-AngⅡtype 1 receptor axis;in addition,ACE2 can also antagonize some downstream signal pathways related to inflammation,pulmonary cell apoptosis and pulmonary fibrosis through Ang1-7-MASR axis.