2型糖尿病的发病机制及临床治疗进展

Progress in Pathogenesis and Clinical Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2型糖尿病(T2DM)是指以血糖升高为特征,并伴有胰岛素抵抗、胰岛素分泌不足、脂质代谢紊乱等症状的慢性代谢性疾病,严重威胁人类健康。其中,代谢性炎症引发的肥胖和胰岛素抵抗是导致T2DM发生的重要因素,因此免疫稳态失衡参与T2DM的发生发展。此外,菌群结构紊乱、微RNA表达失调也是促进T2DM发病和病情进展的重要原因。目前,通过调节肠道菌群结构和外科手术是治疗T2DM的新手段。未来深入探讨其发病机制是治疗T2DM的研究方向,可为发现新的治疗靶点提供新思路。

Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose and accompanied by symptoms such as insulin resistance,insufficient insulin secretion and disorder of lipid metabolism,which is a serious threat to human health.Among them,obesity and insulin resistance caused by metabolic inflammation are important factors leading to the occurrence of T2DM,so the imbalance of immune homeostasis is involved in the occurrence and development of T2DM.In addition,the disorder of flora structure and the imbalance of microRNA expression are also important reasons for promoting the pathogenesis and progression of T2DM.At present,regulating the structure of intestinal flora and surgery are new methods for the treatment of T2DM.In the future,in-depth study of the pathogenesis of T2DM is the research direction of the treatment of T2DM,which can provide new ideas for the discovery of new therapeutic targets.