免疫检查点在特发性肺纤维化中的研究进展

Research Progress of Immune Checkpoints in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

特发性肺纤维化(IPF)是一种罕见的、进行性、致命的肺部疾病。尽管吡非尼酮和尼达尼布的应用能在一定程度上延缓疾病进展,但患者预后仍不容乐观。由于IPF与癌症有部分共同的致病途径,而尼达尼布被用于治疗肺纤维化的同时也是一种抗肿瘤药物,因此免疫检查点有望成为IPF治疗的新靶点。尽管近年对于免疫检查点在IPF中作用的研究结果之间存在矛盾,但抑制程序性细胞死亡受体1/程序性细胞死亡配体1、细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关抗原-4和T细胞免疫球蛋白黏蛋白分子3等免疫检查点显示出抑制肺纤维化发展的潜力。未来,需要进行更多实验明确不同免疫检查点在IPF中的作用机制及其是否对IPF有益。

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF)is a rare,progressive and fatal lung disease.Although pirfenidone and nidanib can delay the disease progression to some extent,the prognosis of IPF patients is not optimistic.Since IPF shares some common pathogenic pathways with cancer,and nidanib is not only used in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis but also as an antitumor drug,immune checkpoints are expected to be new targets for the IPF treatment.Recent studies on the role of immune checkpoints in IPF have shown the potential to inhibit the development of pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting certain immune checkpoints,such as programmed cell death receptor 1/programmed cell death-ligand 1,cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 and T cell immunoglobulin and mucin-containing molecule-3,despite conflicting results,although there are contradictions between the research results.In the future,more experiments are needed to clarify the mechanism of action of different immune checkpoints in IPF and whether they are beneficial to IPF.