流式细胞术检测儿童流感淋巴细胞亚群和NK细胞变化的研究

Study of Flow Cytometry to Detect Changes of Influenza Lymphocyte Subsets and NK Cells in Children

目的探讨流式细胞术检测儿童流感淋巴细胞亚群和自然杀伤细胞(natural killer cell,NK)表达水平的变化。方法选取2022年4月—2023年4月于湘潭市第一人民医院儿科就诊的20例流感患儿作为本研究的观察组,再选取同时期于湘潭市第一人民医院进行体检的20名健康儿童作为对照组。采用BriCyte E6流式细胞仪分别检测两组儿童的成熟T淋巴细胞(mature T lymphocytes,CD3^(+))、诱导性T细胞/辅助性T细胞(helper T cells,CD4^(+))、抑制性T细胞/细胞毒性T细胞(cytotoxic T cells,CD8^(+))、T淋巴细胞亚群和NK细胞表达水平,并进行对比分析。结果与对照组儿童比较,观察组患儿的CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、NK细胞、T淋巴细胞亚群表达水平均明显偏低(P<0.05);与对照组儿童比较,观察组患儿的CD8表达水平均明显偏高(P<0.05)。结论经流式细胞术检测发现,流感儿童均存在明显的体液以及细胞免疫功能紊乱,主要表现为CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、NK细胞、T淋巴细^(+)胞亚群表达水平下降,CD8表达水平上升,可为流感患儿的临床治疗、减少并发症及预后评估提供理论依据。

Objective To explore the changes in the expression levels of influenza lymphocyte subsets and natural killer cells(NK)in children by flow cytometry.Methods A total of 20 children with influenza who received medical treatment in the department of pediatrics,the First People's Hospital of Xiangtan City from April 2022 to April 2023 were selected as the observation group,and 20 healthy children who received physical examination in the First People's Hospital of Xiangtan City at the same time were selected as the control group.BriCyte E6 flow cytometry was used to detect mature T lymphocytes(CD3^(+)),inducible T cells/helper T cells(CD4^(+)),inhibitory T cells/cytotoxic T cells(CD8^(+)),respectively,in two groups of children,T lymphocyte subsets and NK cells were compared.Results Compared with the control group,the expression levels of CD3^(+),CD4^(+),NK cells and T lymphocyte subsets in observation group were significantly lower(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the expression level of CD8^(+)in the observation group was significantly higher(P<0.05).Conclusion By flow cytometry,it was found that there were obvious humoral and cellular immune dysfunction in influenza children,which was mainly manifested by decreased expression level of CD3^(+),CD4^(+),NK cells and T lymphocyte subsets,and increased expression level of CD8^(+),which provided theoretical basis for clinical treatment,reduction of complications and prognosis evaluation of influenza children.