土地发展权交易与国土资源空间配置优化:内在机制与经验证据

Influences of Land Development Rights Transaction on Spatial Allocation Optimization of Land Resources:Internal Mechanism and Empirical Evidence

本文基于土地发展权交易的本质及内在机制,构建一个地方政府土地开发建设外部性内生于其决策行为的带约束最优化模型,以论证土地发展权交易能够通过改进国土资源空间配置效率,从而促进国土资源空间配置优化,进而运用半参数DID模型对土地发展权交易的国土空间配置优化效应进行实证检验。研究发现:土地发展权交易通过让渡开发权益,运用经济较发达地区的资金以保护土地资源及生态环境,消减土地开发的负外部性,实现经济效益与生态效益、社会效益的整体提升;土地发展权交易在政府有效的行政规制下,辅之以交易税和专项转移支付等收入再分配手段,能够改进土地资源的空间配置效率,促进国土资源配置的空间优化。本文据此提出建立土地发展权交易制度、建设土地发展权交易平台、系统设计土地发展权交易税、建立专项转移支付制度等政策建议,以健全土地发展权市场交易机制。

Based on the nature and intrinsic mechanism of land development rights transaction,this study develops a constrained optimization model in which the externalities of land development and construction are inherent in the local government's decision-making behavior,and proves that the land development rights transaction promotes the spatial optimization of land resources allocation by enhancing the spatial allocation efficiency of land resources.In addition,the semi-parametric DID model is employed in this study to empirically explore the optimization effect of land development rights transactions.The following major findings are drawn from the study analysis:firstly,the land development rights transaction protects the resources and ecological environment by shifting development rights and benefits,while internalizing the negative externalities of land development and realizing the overall improvements in terms of the economic,ecological,and social benefits.Secondly,the land development rights transaction under the effective administrative control of the state authorities,supplemented by special transfer payment and transaction tax,not only improves the spatial allocation efficiency of land resources but also enhances the spatial optimization of land resources.To develop a sound market transaction mechanism for land development rights,this research puts forward some policy recommendations,such as establishing a cross-regional trading regulation mechanism,building a trading platform for land development rights,systematically designing the transaction tax of land development rights,and developing special transfer payment policy.