减速带对工作区路段污染物排放的影响研究

Study on Pollutant Emissions from Speed Humps under Work Zones Based on Cellular Automata Simulation

车辆在通过工作区上游时会因车道缩减而发生堵塞,导致更多车辆排放尾气。基于精细化的元胞自动机模型和污染物瞬时排放模型对不同减速带数目下污染物排放进行研究,针对工作区上游不同车道采用不同换道策略探究不同道路条件下的交通流特性。研究结果表明,在车流量较少路段可以设置减速带保证行车安全,较少的减速带使车辆速度降低而导致污染物排放的减少。随着减速带增多不同污染物排放差异较大。随着道路车辆占有率增多,污染物排放量逐渐减少。在工作区前方频繁发生堵塞的路段,设置减速带对于污染物排放影响不显著,并且会加剧堵塞。在实际交通中,可以设置适当减速带数目使工作区前方左右车道流量分布更均匀,提升道路利用率。该研究可对工作区道路设计提供参考,为道路交通安全提供有利保障。

Blockage of vehicles may occur due to lane narrowing when passing upstream of the work zone,leading to more vehicle emission problems.This paper investigates the pollutant emissions under different number of speed bumps based on a refined cellular automata model and a pollutant transient emission model.Different lane change strategies are used to investigate the traffic flow characteristics under different road conditions for different lanes upstream of the work zone.The results show that speed humps can be installed in the road sections with low traffic flow to ensure the safety of traffic,and fewer speed humps reduce the speed of vehicles and lead to the reduction of pollutant emissions.With the increase of speed humps different pollutant emissions vary greatly.With the increase of road vehicle occupancy,pollutant emissions gradually reduce.In the road section where frequent blockage occurs in front of the work zone,setting speed humps does not have a significant effect on pollutant emissions,and will aggravate the blockage.In actual traffic,the appropriate number of speed humps can be set to make the traffic distribution of the left and right lanes in front of the work zone more uniform and improve the utilization rate of the road.The study provides a reference for the road design of the work zone and provides a favorable guarantee for road safety.