1949年至1978年广州的“新村”建设研究

Research on the Construction of“New Villages”in Guangzhou(1949~1978)

文章以广州“新村”为观察视角,对1949~1978年广州居住区建设的发展脉络与住区对城市发展和居住生活的影响进行了研究,提出该时期广州“新村”与广州的城市建设有密切的联系。1949~1978年广州的“新村”是根据国家发展政策和经济情况,及岭南地区的气候特点,以节省造价为目标,因应不同人群的生活习惯和居住需求而设计和建设的,类型和形式丰富。广州的“新村”满足了工人、水上居民、华侨、知识分子等人群的居住需求,促进了广州城郊发展,与之配套的公共设施也深刻地改变了人民的居住方式和生活方式,对1949~1978年广州的社会经济发展起到了十分重要的作用。

This article takes the“new villages”in Guangzhou as a perspective,and studies the development of the residential area construction and its influence on the urban development and living life in Guangzhou from 1949 to 1978.During this period,Guangzhou’s“new villages”were designed and built according to the development policy and economic situation,as well as the climatic characteristics of the Lingnan region,with the goal of saving costs and in response to the living habits and housing needs of local people.Guangzhou’s“new villages”met the housing needs of workers,water dwellers,overseas Chinese and intellectuals,and promoted the development of Guangzhou’s suburbs.The public facilities of the“new villages”also profoundly changed the people’s way of living and lifestyle,and played a very important role in the social and economic development of Guangzhou.