基于生态学原理的湿地景观设计研究——以烟台勤河两岸规划为例

Research on Wetland Landscape Design Based on Ecological Principles—Taking the Planning of Both Sides of Yantai Qinhe River as an Example

为解决城市化进程带来的一系列环境问题,以烟台勤河两岸规划为例,基于生态学原理进行了湿地景观设计研究。通过归纳总结在勤河生态修复过程中的自然修复原理、连通性原理和水循环原理,基于3种原理提出了相应的湿地景观方案,实现烟台勤河的生态修复。结果表明:基于自然修复原理设计的河道清淤方案,实现了勤河生态系统环境容量的恢复,促进水体自我净化;基于连通性原理的滨江岸道生态修复设计中“生态廊道”,实现了勤河沿岸生态系统的连通,促进了生态系统中的生物基因交流,增加了生态系统的稳定性;基于水循环原理的河道排涝设计和雨水设计,规划了防洪排涝设施,在雨水循环过程中进行人为干预,达到了减小河道防洪、排涝安全隐患和降低勤河水污染的目的。基于生态学原理进行湿地景观设计,可较好地实现提升勤河生态系统的环境容量,解决废水排放、缺乏管理等问题,改善勤河的生态环境。

In order to solve a series of environmental problems brought about by urbanization,this study takes the planning of the Qinhai River on both sides in Yantai as an example,and conducts research on the infiltration of ecological principles in wetland landscape design based on ecological principles.By summarizing the natural restoration principles,connectivity principles,and water cycle principles in the ecological restoration process of the Qinhai River,corresponding wetland landscape schemes were proposed based on these three principles to achieve ecological restoration of the Qinhai River in Yantai.Results:Through the infiltration of ecological restoration principles in the river dredging work designed based on natural restoration principles,the ecological carrying capacity of the Qinhai River ecosystem was restored,and water self-purification was promoted.Through the infiltration of connectivity principles in the ecological restoration design of the riverside road based on connectivity principles,the connectivity of the Qinhai River coastal ecosystem was achieved,promoting genetic exchange in the ecosystem and increasing its stability.Through the infiltration of water cycle principles in the river drainage design and rainwater design based on water cycle principles,flood control and drainage facilities were planned,and artificial intervention was carried out in the rainwater cycle process to reduce flood control and drainage safety hazards and water pollution in the Qinhai River.Based on ecological principles,the infiltration of ecological principles in wetland landscape design can effectively enhance the environmental carrying capacity of the Qinhai River ecosystem,solve problems such as wastewater discharge and lack of management,and improve the ecological environment of the Qinhai River.