新疆三种典型土地利用类型的土壤成分及其相关性分析

Soil Composition and Correlation Analysis of Three Typical Land Use types in Xinjiang

为明确不同土地利用类型的土壤成分及其盐分离子含量相关性,利用统计学方法与应用弦图来直观体现不同土地利用类型的土壤成分,进而对新疆乌鲁木齐市米东区甘泉堡地区的不同区域立地的土壤因子盐分相关性与其差异性进行了研究。选取3种不同土地利用类型(0~200 cm)深度的土壤为研究对象,分析不同土层深度土壤盐分离子的垂直分布规律以及其不同离子间的相关性,所选取的地块有草地、林地、果园。分别对其pH值、易溶盐类别与其盐分离子含量进行了研究。结果表明:在3种区域下(0~200 cm)土壤中,易溶盐总量:草地区域>林地区域>果园区域;对于pH值而言,林地区域>果园区域>草地区域,均呈弱碱性;氯离子总含量在草地区域中最大;碳酸盐仅存在于林地区域中;重碳酸盐在3种区域内不同土层深度的土壤中差异变化不大;3种区域内不同土壤剖面盐分离子分布不均匀,其总量表现为:Na+>Ca ^(2+)>Mg ^(2+)>K^(+)。相关分析表明:不同盐分离子间既存在极显著相关性(P<0.01),又存在显著相关性(P<0.05)。研究还表明:不同区域下土壤成分差异应与该区域下所生长植被、土壤质地、人为因素等密切相关。

In order to clarify the correlation of soil composition and salt ion content in different land use types,in this paper,statistical methods and chord diagrams are used to directly reflect the soil composition under different land use types,and then the correlation and difference of soil salinity in different regions of Ganquanbao in Midong district of Urumqi City,Xinjiang are studied.Three soils with different land use types(0~200 cm)depth are selected as the research objects.The vertical distribution of soil salt ions in different soil depths and the correlation between different ions are analyzed.The selected plots are grassland,woodland and orchard.The pH value,soluble salts and the content of salt ions are studied.The results show that the total amount of soluble salt in three soils(0~200cm)are grassland area>woodland area>orchard area.In terms of pH value,woodland area>orchard area>grassland area is weakly alkaline.The total content of chloride ion is the largest in grassland area.Carbonate only exists in forest regions;the difference of bicarbonate in different soil depths in the three regions is not significant.The distribution of salt ions in different soil profiles in the three blocks is not uniform,and the total amount of salt ions is Na+>Ca ^(2+)>Mg ^(2+)>K^(+).Correlation analysis shows that there is significant correlation between different salt ions(P<0.01)and significant correlation(P<0.05).This study shows that the differences of soil composition in different areas are closely related to vegetation,soil texture and human factors.