电沉积制备镍基复合镀层工艺与性能研究进展

Research Progress of Process and Properties of Nickel-based Composite Coatings Prepared by Electrodeposition

纳米复合电沉积是在电解质溶液中添加一种或几种不溶性纳米固体颗粒,使其与金属离子共同沉积形成具有特殊功能的镀层。这种电沉积方法可以改善复合镀层组织结构,从而提高镀层的硬度、耐腐蚀性、耐磨性等。该文综述镍基复合镀层材料的制备方法及特点,并重点介绍包括镀液pH、表面活性剂、温度和电流密度在内的工艺参数对镍基复合镀层的影响,以及镍基复合镀层在耐腐蚀、耐高温氧化、耐磨损和自润滑等方面的优异特性和由此带来的应用。最后,对镍基复合镀层的发展进行展望。

Nanocomposite electrodeposition is to add one or more insoluble nano-solid particles to the electrolyte solution to form a coating with special function by co-deposition with metal ions.This electrodeposition method can improve the microstructure of the composite coating,so as to improve the hardness,corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the coating.In this paper,the preparation methods and characteristics of nickel-based composite coating materials are reviewed,with emphasis on the effects of process parameters,including bath pH,surfactant,temperature and current density,on nickel-based composite coatings.and the excellent properties and applications of nickel-based composite coatings in corrosion resistance,high temperature oxidation resistance,wear resistance and self-lubrication.Finally,the development of Ni-based composite coating is prospected.