木质部解剖构造特征对高产脂思茅松选育的影响研究

Research on the Influence of Xylem Anatomical Structure Characteristics on the Breeding of High-Yield Pinus kesiya var. langbianensis

为了更准确地确定高产脂思茅松优良种源的选择指标,本研究对高产脂和低产脂的思茅松木质部进行解剖构造观察,并进一步探讨胸径与产脂量之间的关系。结果显示:高产脂思茅松的单个轴向树脂道面积、轴向树脂道密度、径向树脂道密度、径向树脂道直径均显著高于低产脂。高产脂木质部木射线分布密度和高度也高于低产脂思茅松。当思茅松受到外界机械刺激后,高产脂新生轴向树脂道的增长数量明显多于低产脂,同时,该生长轮中的晚材率也高于低产脂思茅松。在实验样地划分的5个小区中,只有第2小区思茅松的胸径与产脂量呈正相关性关系,其余4个小区均不存在相关性。结果表明:木质部单个轴向树脂道面积、轴向树脂道密度、径向树脂道密度、径向树脂道直径、木射线密度和木射线高度均可作为高产脂种质选育的有效参考指标;受到外界刺激后新生树脂道数量和晚材率的变化也可以作为高产脂种质选育的重要参考指标。

In order to accurately determine the selection criteria for high-resin-yielding superior Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis,this study conducted anatomical observations on the wood structure of high-resin and low-resin P.kesiya var.langbianensis,and further explored the relationship between diameter at breast height(DBH)and resin yield.The results showed that the single axial resin canal area,axial resin canal density,radial resin canal density,and radial resin canal diameter of high-resin-yielding P.kesiya var.langbianensis were significantly higher than those of low-resin-yielding pine(P<0.01).The wood ray distribution density and height of high-resin-yielding pine were also higher than those of low-resin-yielding pine(P<0.01).After being mechanically stimulated,the number of newly formed axial resin canals in high-resin-yielding pine was significantly higher than that in low-resin-yielding pine(P<0.01),and the latewood percentage in the growth ring was also higher(P<0.01).Among the five experimental plots,only the second plot showed a positive correlation between DBH and resin yield in P.kesiya var.langbianensis(P<0.05),while no significant correlation was found in the other four plots(P>0.05).The results indicated that the single axial resin canal area,axial resin canal density,radial resin canal density,radial resin canal diameter,wood ray density,and wood ray height can all be used as effective reference indicators for the selection of high-resin-yielding germplasm,while changes in the number of newly formed resin canals and latewood percentage after external stimulation can also serve as important reference indicators.