轨距杆对重载铁路小半径曲线轮轨动力学性能影响

Influence of Gauge Rods on Wheel-Rail Dynamic Performance in Tight Curves of Heavy-Haul Railway

为探明轨距杆对重载铁路小半径曲线轮轨动力学性能影响,基于车辆-轨道耦合动力学理论,分析了机车以70 km/h的运行速度通过R300 m曲线时的轮轨动态相互作用和轮轨磨耗,系统对比分析了运行速度、曲线半径和轨距杆对机车通过小半径曲线时钢轨跨中轨距动态扩大量和轮轨磨耗数,进一步研究了轨距杆的布置间距对线路横向稳定性的影响。仿真结果表明:轨距杆能够加强轨道轨距保持能力并减小曲线外侧钢轨翻转角;相比未安装轨距杆的曲线,安装了轨距杆的曲线其内侧钢轨的接触点更靠近曲线内侧;机车通过有无轨距杆的小半径曲线时的轮轨磨耗数和轨距动态扩大量均随着曲线半径减小和运行速度增大而增大;增大轨距杆布置密度可以有效增强线路轨距保持能力,当轨距杆布置间距由4个轨跨减小至3个轨跨时,轨距动态扩大量将降低36.3%。

In order to investigate the influence of gauge rods on the dynamic performance in tight curves of heavy haul railway,the wheel-rail dynamic interaction and wheel-rail wear when the locomotive passed the R300 m curve at a running speed of 70 km/h were analyzed on the basis of vehicle-track coupling dynamic theory.The influence of running speed and curve radius on gauge dynamic expansion,wear number,and gauge rods were analyzed.Furthermore,the influence of the spacing of gauge rods on the lateral stability of the track was studied.The simulation results indicate that the gauge rods can stabilize the gauge and reduce the turning angle of the rail at the outside curve.Compared with the curve without gauge rods,the contact point of the inner rail of the curve with gauge rods is closer to the inner side of the curve.The wear number and the dynamic gauge expansion when the locomotive negotiates a tight curve will increase with the decrease of curve radius and the increase of running speed.Increasing the arrangement density of gauge rods can effectively enhance the ability to stabilize the gauge.The dynamic gauge expansion will reduce by 36.3%when the spacing of gauge rods is reduced from 4 to 3 rail spans.