基于马尔可夫决策过程的轨道不平顺维修策略研究

Research on Maintenance Strategy of Track Irregularity Based on Markov Decision Process

为有效判别轨道几何状态、适应高速铁路养护状态修,开展轨道不平顺维修策略优化研究。选取马尔可夫决策过程,设置轨道状态等级、维修动作空间和维修动作成本等模型参数,利用价值迭代算法进行求解,实现高速铁路线路维修计划的有效制定。以华东地区某有砟高速铁路线路为例,结合典型劣化速度的轨道单元区段特征,分析马尔可夫决策模型的维修决策优化过程并验证效果,同时探究轨道单元区段在每个决策时刻的最优维修决策,利用蒙特卡洛法模拟规划周期内的维修总成本并与实际维修成本进行对比。结果表明:基于马尔可夫决策过程的轨道不平顺维修决策,能够充分考虑轨道单元区段不平顺劣化的异质性,可以根据轨道单元区段的实际状态和劣化规律科学安排维修活动,提高维修作业的空间分辨率,规划周期内维修决策的优化效果显著,在保证线路高平顺性的同时减少维修成本,对铁路线路轨道养护维修具有指导作用。

In order to effectively judge the geometric state of track and adapt to the maintenance state of highspeed railway,the optimization of track irregularity maintenance strategy is studied.The Markov decision process is selected,the model parameters such as track state level,maintenance action space and maintenance action cost are set,and the value iteration algorithm is used to solve the problem,so as to realize the effective formulation of high-speed railway line maintenance plan.Taking a ballasted high-speed railway line in East China as an example,combined with the characteristics of the track unit at typical deterioration speed,the maintenance decision optimization process of the Markov decision model is analyzed and the effect is verified.At the same time,the optimal maintenance decision of the track unit section at each decision time is explored.Monte Carlo stochastic simulation is used to simulate the total maintenance cost in the planning cycle and compare it with the actual maintenance cost.The results show that the track irregularity maintenance decision based on Markov decision process can fully consider the heterogeneity of track unit section irregularity deterioration,scientifically arrange maintenance activities according to the actual state and deterioration law of track unit section,improve the spatial resolution of maintenance operation,and the optimization effect of maintenance decision in the planning cycle is remarkable,which reduces the maintenance cost while ensuring the high smoothness of the line,and has a guiding role in the maintenance and repair of railway track.