还田作物秸秆腐解研究进展

Advances in the Decomposition of Straw from Returned Crops

作物秸秆还田是增加土壤养分、改良土壤理化性质的重要技术措施之一。为了解作物秸秆还田后的腐解过程,本文介绍了还田秸秆腐解的规律和秸秆腐解的常见研究方法。接着分析了秸秆组分,碳氮比(C/N),腐熟剂和土壤环境对秸秆腐解的影响,及秸秆腐解对农田生态系统的效应。最后指出了腐解条件不佳,腐熟剂开发不足,操作技术不规范等问题。为进一步提高作物秸秆科学还田的腐解速率,推动绿色农业的可持续发展提供理论基础。

Returning crop straw to the field is one of the most important technical measures to increase soil nutrients and improve soil physical and chemical properties.In order to understand the decomposition process of crop straw after returning it to the field,this paper introduces the laws of straw decomposition and the common research methods for straw decomposition.The effects of straw fraction,carbon to nitrogen ratio(C/N),decomposing agent and soil environment on straw decomposition,and the effects of straw decomposition on agro-ecosystems are analyzed.Finally,the problems of poor decomposition conditions,underdeveloped decomposing agents and nonstandard operating techniques are pointed out.It provides a theoretical basis for further improving the decomposition rate of crop straw to the field scientifically and promoting the sustainable development of green agriculture.