黄河流域国家中心城市水资源利用效率分析

Analysis of Water Resources Utilization Efficiency of National Central Cities in the Yellow River Basin

为助力黄河流域国家中心城市水资源高效利用和经济社会高质量发展,基于超效率SBM模型、Malmquist指数和Tobit回归模型,对郑州市和西安市水资源利用、社会经济和生态环境3个子系统的水资源利用效率、年际变化和影响因素进行分析,结果表明:1)2005—2020年郑州市和西安市水资源利用效率适中,水资源利用子系统和社会经济子系统,郑州市的水资源利用效率高于西安市;生态环境子系统,西安市的水资源利用效率高于郑州市;郑州市的综合水资源利用效率高于西安市。2)郑州市3个子系统的全要素生产率(Malmquist指数)整体处于上升状态,西安市社会经济子系统的全要素生产率整体处于上升状态、水资源利用子系统和生态环境子系统则处于下降状态。3)经济发展水平与水资源利用效率成较为显著的正相关关系,产业结构、科技创新水平与水资源利用效率相关性不显著,水资源禀赋与水资源利用效率负相关。

In order to facilitate the efficient utilization of water resources and the high⁃quality development of economy and society in the national central cities of the Yellow River Basin,this paper analyzed the water resources utilization efficiency,annual changes and influencing factors of Zhengzhou and Xi'an,the national central cities of the Yellow River basin,in terms of water resources utilization,social economy and ecological environment,based on the super efficiency SBM model,DEA Malmquist index and Tobit regression model.The results show that:a)In 2005-2020,Zhengzhou and Xi'an have moderate water resources utilization efficiency.In terms of water resources utilization and socio⁃economic sub⁃systems,the efficiency of water resources utilization of Zhengzhou is higher than that of Xi'an;In terms of ecological e vironment,the water resources utilization efficiency of Xi'an is higher than that of Zhengzhou;The comprehensive water resources utilization efficiency of Zhengzhou is higher than that of Xi'an.b)The total factor productivity of water resources utilization in Zhengzhou City is in an overall rising state in three sub⁃systems,Xi'an City is in an overall rising state in social and economic sub⁃systems of water resources utilization,and is in a declining state in water resources utilization and ecological environment.c)Economic development level is positively correlated with water resources utilization efficiency.The correlation between industrial structure,scientific and technological innovation level and water resources utilization efficiency is not significant.There is a negative correlation between water resources endowment and water resources utilization efficiency.