矿渣堆积对河网水质影响的数值模拟分析

Numerical Simulation Analysis of the Influence of Slag Accumulation on River Network Water Quality

掌握矿山区污染物迁移转化过程对其流域河网水环境的有效治理至关重要。以十堰市小文峪河流域为例,基于水动力水质耦合模型,充分利用各支流矿渣堆属性、流域河网本底特征及地表水、矿洞水、淋溶水的水质和流量监测数据等,构建了基于GPU加速技术的矿山区河网水环境高分辨率数值模型,对小文峪河流域硫酸根离子和铁离子的空间分布进行了数值模拟,并量化分析了小文峪河污染负荷来源。结果表明:所构建模型对矿山区河网水环境模拟效果较好,可以表征硫酸根离子和铁离子空间分布特征及支流与主河道交汇处污染物浓度变化过程;各支流硫酸根离子和铁离子对主河道贡献率由大到小依次为宝泉寺、郭家沟、竹园沟、清石沟、孙家沟,其中宝泉寺和郭家沟硫酸根离子贡献率分别为39.42%和34.36%,铁离子贡献率分别为51.64%和35.10%。

It is very important to master the migration and transformation process of pollutants in the mine area for the effective treatment of river network water environment in the basin.Taking Xiaowenyu River watershed in Shiyan City as an example,based on an efficient and high⁃precision hydrodynamic and water quality coupling model,a high⁃resolution numerical model of river network water environment in the mine area based on GPU acceleration technology was built by making full use of the slag heap attribute of each tributary,the background characteristics of river network in the watershed,and the water quality and quantity monitoring data of multi⁃point surface water,mine tunnel water and leaching water.The spatial distribution of sulfate ion and iron ion in Xiaowenyu River watershed was numerically simulated,and the pollution load sources of the river were analyzed quantitatively.The results show that the model has a good simulation effect on the river network water environment in the mine area.It vividly represents the spatial distribution characteristics of sulfate ions and iron ions and the concentration change process at the intersection of tributaries and trunk roads.The contribution rate of sulfate ion and iron ion of each tributa⁃ry to the main road from large to small is Baoquansi>Guojiagou>Zhuyuangou>Qingshigou>Sunjiagou,in which the contribution rate of sulfate ion of Baoquansi and Guojiagou is 39.42%and 34.36%respectively,and the contribution rate of iron ion is 51.64%and 35.10%respectively.