外泌体调控MAPK信号通路促进非小细胞肺癌发展机制的研究进展

Mechanism of Exosomes Regulating MAPK Signaling to Promote Development of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

肺癌是临床上最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,早期肺癌患者较难确诊,晚期患者的预后较差,生存期短。外泌体是由各型细胞释放的纳米级双层脂质小分子囊泡,广泛存在于血液、尿液、唾液、肺泡灌洗液等体液中。外泌体通过激活促分裂原活化的蛋白激酶(MAPK)信号通路加速非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)肿瘤微环境的构建,促进癌症相关成纤维细胞的转化和肺癌组织内血管的生成,从而参与肺癌发生、发展、侵袭、转移的病理过程。相反,外泌体介导的MAPK信号通路的抑制能够促进癌细胞凋亡,降低NSCLC对化疗药物和靶向药物的耐药性,可见外泌体对MAPK的调控在NSCLC病程中具有重要作用。

Lung cancer is one of the most common cancer diseases in clinic.It is difficult to confirm the diagnosis in patients with early-stage lung cancer,and the prognosis of patients with advanced stages is poor with short survival.Exosomes are nanoscale bilayer lipid small molecule vesicles released by various types of cells and widely exist in blood,urine,saliva,alveolar lavage fluid and other body fluids.Exosomes can accelerate the construction of a non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)microenvironment by activating mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)signaling pathway,which promotes the transformation of cancer associated fibroblasts and the angiogenesis of blood vessels within lung cancer tissues,thus participating in the pathological processes of lung cancer initiation,progression,invasion,and migration.On the contrary,inhibition of MAPK signaling mediated by exosomes is able to promote lung cancer cell apoptosis and reduce the resistance of NSCLC to chemotherapeutic agents and targeted agents,indicating that MAPK regulation by exosomes has an important role in the course of NSCLC.