花生四烯酸代谢在甲状腺癌发生发展中作用机制的研究进展

Research Progress of Mechanism of Action of Arachidonic Acid Metabolism in Genesis and Development of Thyroid Cancer

甲状腺癌(TC)是发病率最高的内分泌恶性肿瘤,目前具体发病机制尚不清楚,诊断及治疗手段较为局限。随着代谢组学在TC中的不断应用,发现TC患者在脂质代谢方面差异明显,以花生四烯酸(AA)代谢通路最为显著。目前,AA的关键酶磷脂酶A_(2)和AA代谢通路已被证明参与直肠癌、肺癌、乳腺癌等恶性肿瘤的发生发展过程,且其代谢产物可作为肿瘤诊断的生物标志物,但其在TC诊疗中的意义尚缺乏具体研究证实。TC患者血清中的AA水平明显低于健康人群,环加氧酶在甲状腺乳头状癌组织中高表达,其产物可导致肿瘤进展,这可能是TC潜在的致病机制之一。此外,AA相关代谢组学的研究也为TC未来的免疫治疗探索提供了更多可能。

Thyroid cancer(TC)is the malignant endocrine tumor with the highest incidence.The specific pathogenesis is still unclear,and the diagnosis and treatment methods are limited.With the application of metabolomics in TC,it′s discovered that TC patients have significant differences in lipid metabolism,especially in arachidonic acid(AA)metabolic pathway.At present,the key enzyme phospholipase A_(2) and AA metabolic pathway of AA have been proved to be involved in the occurrence and development of rectal cancer,lung cancer,breast cancer and other malignant tumors,and its metabolites can be used as biomarkers for tumor diagnosis.However,its significance in the diagnosis and treatment of TC is still lack of specific research.The AA content in the serum of TC patients is significantly lower than that of healthy individuals.Cyclooxygenase is highly expressed in papillary thyroid cancer tissue,and its products can lead to tumor progression,which may be one of the potential pathogenic mechanisms of TC.In addition,the research on AA related metabolomics also provides more possibilities for exploring future immunotherapy for TC.