白癜风免疫治疗进展

Progress in Immunotherapy of Vitiligo

白癜风是临床常见的获得性黑色素脱失疾病,患者身体各部位均会出现清晰的白斑,严重影响患者身心健康。白癜风的发病机制目前尚未完全阐明,可能与遗传、自身免疫、神经内分泌等有关。自身异常免疫应答反应在白癜风发病中占重要地位,白癜风患者皮损区存在大量炎症小体以及与固有免疫相关的因子(如损伤相关分子),而由T细胞介导的适应性免疫应答在黑色素细胞损伤机制中也起关键作用。此外,角质形成细胞在皮损微环境中也发挥重要的调控作用。因此,基于患者免疫系统的调控可以为患者的临床治疗提供新思路。

Vitiligo is a common acquired depigmentation disease in clinical practice,and clear white spots appear in various parts of the patient′s body,which seriously affects the patient′s physical and mental health.The pathogenesis of vitiligo has not been fully elucidated,which may be related to inheritance,autoimmunity,neuroendocrinology and so on.Abnormal immune response plays an important role in the pathogenesis of vitiligo.There are a large number of inflammasomes and innate immune-related factors(such as injury-related molecules)in the skin lesion area of patients with vitiligo.Meanwhile,the adaptive immune response mediated by T cells also plays a key role in the mechanism of melanocyte damage.In addition,keratinocytes also play an important regulatory role in the microenvironment of skin lesions.Therefore,the regulation based on the patient′s immune system can provide a new idea for the clinical treatment of the patient.