高原肺水肿发病机制的研究进展

Research Progress in Pathogenesis of High Altitude Pulmonary Edema

高原肺水肿(HAPE)是严重危及生命的重症急性高原病之一。在高海拔地区低氧低压环境下,患者肺血管收缩、肺血管压力升高,在血管活性物质、炎症因子、神经内分泌等机制共同参与下,最终导致HAPE发生。此外,遗传因素也可能与HAPE易感性增加有关,在基因、转录、表观遗传等不同水平存在多种与遗传易感性相关的因素。因此,未来深入研究HAPE的发病机制,有助于筛查HAPE易感人群、优化HAPE防治策略,为HAPE患者的治疗提供新思路。

High altitude pulmonary edema(HAPE)is one of the severe acute altitude diseases.In the hypoxygen hypobaric environment at high altitude,pulmonary vasoconstriction and increased pulmonary vascular pressure,with the participation of vasoactive substances,inflammatory factors,neuroendocrine and other mechanisms,ultimately lead to HAPE.In addition,genetic factors may be associated with increased susceptibility to HAPE.There are multiple factors related to genetic susceptibility at different levels,such as genes,transcription and epigenetics.Therefore,further research on the pathogenesis of HAPE will help to screen the population susceptible to HAPE,optimize the prevention and treatment strategy of HAPE,and provide new ideas for the treatment of HAPE.