细菌的活性氧及其抗氧化系统研究进展

Research Progress in Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidant Systems of Bacteria

活性氧(ROS)是分子氧在还原过程中获取电子后形成的具有高反应活性的物质。细菌抗氧化系统是抵御有氧呼吸电子传递链产生的内源性ROS以及环境因素产生的外源性ROS的防御系统。内源性ROS可维持细菌正常生长代谢等生理活动,而外源性ROS可能会随着处理时间和强度的增加而累积,过量的ROS会给细菌带来氧化胁迫甚至氧化损害。细菌在遭受ROS攻击时会激活自身的抗氧化系统,从而保护自身免受氧化损伤。因此,深入了解细菌ROS及抗氧化系统,可以为临床细菌感染性疾病的防治研究提供新策略,同时还可基于氧化应激和反应网络开发新的抗菌设计。

Reactive oxygen species(ROS)are highly reactive substances formed by molecular oxygen after obtaining electrons in the reduction process.Bacterial antioxidant system is a defense system against endogenous ROS produced by aerobic respiratory electron transport chain and exogenous ROS produced by environmental factors.Endogenous production of a small amount of ROS can maintain normal growth and metabolism of bacteria and other physiological activities,while exogenous ROS may accumulate with the increase of treatment time and intensity,excessive ROS will bring oxidative stress or even oxidative damage to bacteria.When attacked by ROS,bacteria activate their antioxidant system to protect themselves from oxidative damage.Therefore,an in-depth understanding of bacterial ROS and antioxidant system can provide new strategies for the prevention and treatment of clinical bacterial infectious diseases,and develop new antibacterial designs based on oxidative stress and reaction network.