惯容器在列车吸振器中的减振性能研究

Research on vibration damping performance of inerterin train vibration absorber

针对动力吸振器本身具有较大振子质量的情况,提出了利用惯容器“虚质量”替换动力吸振器振子实际质量的策略。基于滚珠丝杠式惯容器的“虚质量”放大特性,以含ISD(inerter spring damper)悬架的列车垂向振动模型为基础,建立了含有传统DVA(dynamic vibration absorber)和含有惯容器式DVA吸振结构的列车垂向模型。利用智能优化算法以及传统DVA参数经验公式,对比分析了无DVA、传统DVA和惯容器式DVA等3种不同列车模型的动力学性能。结果表明:DVA对车辆垂向振动确实具有减振的效果,在传统DVA和惯容器式DVA相同减振表现的情况下,含惯容器式DVA的振子实际质量更低,且含惯容器式DVA的车辆相比传统DVA车辆在相同振子质量的情况下减振效果更有优势。研究结果对利用惯容器“虚质量”替换DVA振子实际质量提供了参考。

The strategy of replacing the actual mass of the power absorber oscillator with the“virtual mass”of the inerter is proposed for the case where the power absorber itself has a large oscillator mass.Based on the“virtual mass”amplification characteristic of the ball-screw inerter,the train vertical vibration model with Inerter Spring Damper(ISD)suspension is established,and the train vertical vibration model with conventional Dynamic Vibration Absorber(DVA)and inerter type DVA absorber is established.The dynamic performance of three different train models without DVA,conventional DVA and inerter type DVA is compared and analyzed by using the intelligent optimization algorithm and the empirical formula of conventional DVA parameters.The results show that DVA does have a damping effect on the vehicle vertical vibration,and the actual mass of the vibrator is lower for the same damping performance of the two DVAs,and the vehicle with inerter type DVA has a better damping effect than the traditional DVA vehicle with the same vibrator mass.The results provide a reference for replacing the actual mass of DVA oscillator with the“virtual mass”of the inerter.