圆锥滚子轴承外圈跳动自动测量系统研究

Automatic measurement system for the outer ring runout of rolling bearings

针对圆锥滚子轴承外圈跳动人工测量效率低、自动化程度低等问题,开发了一种圆锥滚子轴承外圈跳动自动测量系统。该系统包括机械结构、电气控制及数据处理三部分,通过同时测量轴承外圈径向与轴向跳动值,实现轴承旋转精度的准确判断。机械结构主体采用立式L型构型,直线导轨和定心负荷装置等组件固定在主体平板与支架上;电气控制部分采用PLC进行动作控制,借助快慢电机和气缸实现各组件的协调运动,以避免旋转轴线偏心引起的测量误差;基于LabVIEW开发数据处理程序,配合采集卡和工控机完成数据的采集与处理。对测量系统样机进行重复性检验,结果表明,该系统的径向、轴向跳动单次测量误差分别小于±1.8μm和±16μm,具有良好的测量一致性,满足自动化测量要求。

Aiming at the problems of low efficiency of manual measurement and low degree of automation in machine measurement,the system is divided into three parts:mechanical structure,electrical control and data processing.By simultaneously measuring the radial and axial runout values of the bearing outer ring,the accurate judgment of bearing rotation accuracy is achieved.The main body of the mechanical structure adopts a vertical L-shaped configuration,and components such as centering load device and linear guide rail are fixed on the main plate and bracket.In the electrical control part,PLC is employed to control the operation and coordinated movement of each component is realized with the help of fast and slow motors and cylinders.The data processing program is developed based on LabVIEW,and the data acquisition and processing are realized with the acquisition card and the industrial computer.The repeatability test of the prototype measurement system shows that the single measurement error of the radial runout of the system is less than±1.8μm,and the axial runout is less than±16μm.The system has good measurement consistency,which meets the requirements of automatic measurement.