肿瘤营养治疗示范病房建设现状调查与分析

The investigation and analysis of construction actuality of cancer nutrition therapy demonstration ward

目的调查分析肿瘤营养示范病房的建设现状,为今后示范病房的建设与发展提供建议与指导。方法于2023年2月至4月采用问卷调查的方式收集各示范病房的建设情况等相关资料。主要调查内容包括单位的基本信息、临床与营养诊疗情况、营养小组人员组成与床位比情况以及营养科普教育活动开展情况等。分类总结各示范病房的一般建设情况,同时对比分析示范病房建立前后营养筛评诊治工作提升情况等。结果本次调查最终共涉及94家单位,其中三级医院92家。各单位住院床位数大多集中在1000~2000张;示范病房的床位数大多集中在50张左右。示范病房成立后,平均每年开展营养风险筛查与评估及营养会诊与治疗的人次数较成立前均有所提高,而患者的平均住院天数与医疗费用有所降低。大多数单位的临床医师(含营养医师)、营养(技)师不超过10人,营养专科护士不超过5人;医师与床位数比1∶20以下,营养师、营养技师与营养护士和床位数比约1∶20。每年举办的营养科普教育活动大多不超过20次。结论我国目前营养示范病房的建设存在医院等级及地区分布不平衡问题。示范病房建立后,各单位的营养筛查、评估、诊治水平有所提高,并且平均住院天数与医疗费用有所降低。大多数单位医护人员的数量有待增加,营养科普教育方面的工作有待进一步加强。

Objective Investigating and analyzing the construction actuality of cancer nutrition therapy demonstration ward and then offering recommendations and guidance for future construction and development of the demonstration ward.Method Information about the development of each demonstration ward was gathered via a questionnaire survey.The fundamental facts about the unit clinical and nutritional treatment nutrition team makeup and bed-to-member ratio and nutrition science education activities were the primary topics covered in the survey.Each demonstration ward's overall structure was categorized and summarized and the improvement in nutrition screening assessment consultation and treatment work between before and after the demonstration ward's establishment were compared and evaluated among other things.Result 94 units totaled including 2 secondary hospitals were included in the survey.The number of inpatient beds in each unit was mostly concentrated in the range of 1000–2000 and the number of beds in the demonstration ward were mainly concentrated in the range of 50.When compared to before the demonstration ward were established the average number of people conducting nutritional risk screening assessment and consultation and treatment per year increased while the typical number of patient hospitalization days and medical expenses decreased.In the majority of units there are no more than 10 clinicians including dietitians and dietetic technicians as well as no more than five dietetic nurses the physician-to-bed ratio is below 120 and the ratio of dietitians dietetic technicians and dietetic nurses to beds is equal to or below 120.The majority of the annual events for nutrition science education don't exceed 20.Conclusion Hospital levels and regions are distributed unevenly in the Chinese present development of nutrition demonstration ward.The standard of nutrition screening and treatment in each unit has increased since the demonstration ward were established and the typical length of stay and medical expenses have reduced.Most units require more physicians and nurses and the effort to improve nutrition teaching needs to be enhanced.